Jay Cao, Ph.D.

Contact information

(701) 795-8377
jay.cao@usda.gov

Biography

Dr. Cao has worked in academic, clinical and industry settings, and conducted both basic and translational research with multiple animal species and human subjects.

Dr. Cao received a Bachelor's degree in Animal Science from Nanjing Agricultural University, China; a Master degree in Animal Nutrition from McGill University, Montreal, Canada; and a Doctoral degree in Animal Nutrition from the University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

From 1998 to 2001, Dr. Cao worked as a postdoctoral research fellow in mineral nutrition at the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida. From 2001 to 2005, he worked as a postdoctoral research fellow and research assistant professor in bone biology at the Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco. Then, Dr. Cao worked as a Nutritionist at Melaleuca Inc from 2005 to 2006.

Dr. Cao joined the scientific staff at the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center as a Research Nutritionist in October 2006.

Dr. Cao is a member of the American Society for Nutrition, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, and several other scientific societies.

Research Interests

Dr. Cao's research focuses the nutritional and physical activity regulation of bone metabolism, particularly in obesity condition, with the goal towards prevention of osteoporosis, a major public health threat affecting 10 million Americans with another 34 million are at risk of developing osteoporosis.

Using cell and animal models, Dr. Cao has been studying the effects of dietary, physical, and physiological factors on bone cell function and bone metabolism in obesity.

With human subjects, Dr. Cao also investigates the effects of dietary protein and acid-base balance, intake of fruits and vegetables on calcium absorption, retention and markers of bone metabolism in postmenopausal women or physically active adults.

He utilizes a variety of techniques in his research including molecular biology, cell biology, micro-computed tomography, bone histomorphometry, multiplex immunoassay, stable or radio- calcium isotopes.
 

Research Accomplishments

• Established that a high-fat diet increases markers of bone resorption and decreases trabecular bone mass despite positive effects of increased body weight on bone formation.
• Demonstrated that a diet high in meat protein and potential renal acid load may improve bone health in postmenopausal women by establishing that the diet increases both absorption and urinary excretion of calcium, as well as serum IGF-1, a potent bone stimulating hormone.
• Demonstrated that aging significantly increases osteoclastogenesis, promotes expansion of the osteoclast precursor pool and alters the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts in cancellous bone.
• Identified that defects in IGF-1 receptor activation and IGF-1 signaling pathway are responsible for the reduced sensitivity to IGF-1 and decreased bone formation in aging.
• Demonstrated that dietary modification and physical activity can improve bone health in obesity.
• Demonstrated that short-term consumption of high-protein diets protects muscle mass without disrupting Ca homeostasis during weight loss

Curriculum Vitae (PDF)

• Projects

  Modification of Diurnal Patterns to Promote Health in Models for Human Metabolic Dysfunction In-House Appropriated (D)   Accession Number:436804

• Publications

  • (Clicking on the reprint icon will take you to the publication reprint.)
  • FSH–blocking therapeutic for osteoporosis and obesity -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Gera, S., Kuo, T., Korkmaz, F., Sant, D., Demambro, V., Gumerova, A., Sudha, K., Padila, A., Prevot, G., Munitz, J., Teunissen, A., Van Leent, M., Netto, J., Sultana, F., Shelly, E., Kumar, P., Cullen, L., Chatterjee, J., Miyashita, S., Kannangara, H., Bhongade, M., Levleva, K., Muradova, V., Batista, R., Bobinson, C., Macdonald, A., Babunovic, S., Saxena, M., Meseck, M., Caminis, J., Iqbal, J., New, M.I., Ryu, V., Kim, S., Cao, J.J., Zaidi, N., Fayad, Z., Lizneva, D., Rosen, C.J., Yuen, T., Zaidi, M. 2022. FSH–blocking therapeutic for osteoporosis and obesity. eLife. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.78022.
    
  • Effect of dietary geranylgeraniol and green tea polyphenols on glucose homeostasis, bone turnover biomarkers, and bone microstructure in obese mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Dufour, J.M., Miranda, J.M., Kaur, G., Chung, E., Cao, J.J. 2023. Effect of dietary geranylgeraniol and green tea polyphenols on glucose homeostasis, bone turnover biomarkers, and bone microstructure in obese mice. Nutrients. 24(2):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24020979.
    
  • Calcium consumption is beneficial to bone health in obese, postmenopausal women -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J. 2022. Calcium consumption is beneficial to bone health in obese, postmenopausal women. Journal of Nutrition. 152:922-923. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac008.
    
  • Providing vegetables at the amount recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans decreases urinary acidity and bone turnover: an 8-wk randomized controlled trial -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Jahns, L., Roemmich, J.N. 2021. Providing vegetables at the amount recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans decreases urinary acidity and bone turnover: an 8-wk randomized controlled trial. Journal of Nutrition. 151:3413-3420. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab255.
    
  • Beneficial effect of dietary geranylgeraniol on glucose homeostasis and bone microstructure in obese mice is associated with suppression of proinflammation and modification of gut microbiome -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Chung, E., Elmassry, M., Cao, J.J., Kaur, G., Dufour, J., Hamood, A., Chwan-Li, S. 2021. Beneficial effect of dietary geranylgeraniol on glucose homeostasis and bone microstructure in obese mice is associated with suppression of proinflammation and modification of gut microbiome. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 93:27-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2021.07.001.
    
  • Voluntary running of defined distances alters bone microstructure in C57BL6 mice fed a high-fat diet -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, L., Nielsen, F.H., Sundaram, S., Cao, J.J. 2021. Voluntary running of defined distances alters bone microstructure in C57BL6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Applied Physiology, Nutrition & Metabolism. 46(11):1337-1344. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0061.
    
  • Deficiency of PPAR gamma in bone marrow stromal cells does not prevent high-fat diet-induced bone deterioration in mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Michelsen, K.G., Shi, X. 2021. Deficiency of PPAR gamma in bone marrow stromal cells does not prevent high-fat diet-induced bone deterioration in mice. Journal of Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab173.
    
  • Salivary beta amyloid secretion and altered oral microbiome in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Floden, A.M., Sohrabi, M., Nookala, S., Cao, J.J., Combs, C.K. 2021. Salivary beta amyloid secretion and altered oral microbiome in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. Current Alzheimer Research. 17:1133-1144. https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205018666210119151952.
    
  • Electrical stimulation of hindlimb skeletal muscle has beneficial effects on sublesional bone in a rat model of spinal cord injury -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Zhao, W., Peng, Y., Hu, Y., Guo, X., Li, J., Cao, J.J., Pan, J., Feng, J., Cardoza, C., Jarvis, J., Bauman, W.A., Qin, W. 2020. Electrical stimulation of hindlimb skeletal muscle has beneficial effects on sublesional bone in a rat model of spinal cord injury. Bone. 144. Article 115825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2020.115825.
    
  • Osteoprotective effect of green tea polyphenols and annatto-extracted tocotrienol in obese mice via enhancing the microbiome vitamin K2 biosynthetic pathways -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Elmassry, M.M., Chung, E., Cao, J.J., Hamood, A.N., Shen, C. 2020. Osteoprotective effect of green tea polyphenols and annatto-extracted tocotrienol in obese mice via enhancing the microbiome vitamin K2 biosynthetic pathways. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 86. Article 108492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108492.
    
  • Deletion of PPARy in mesenchymal lineage cells protects against aging-induced cortical but not trabecular bone loss in mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Ding, K., Rosario, R., Su, Y., Lawrence, M., Hamrick, M., Isales, C., Shi, X. 2020. Deletion of PPARy in mesenchymal lineage cells protects against aging-induced cortical but not trabecular bone loss in mice. Journal of Gerontology Biological Science. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa049.
    
  • Decreasing the dietary ratio of n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by reducing intake of linoleic acid does not prevent adiposity or bone deterioration in obese mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Michelsen, K.G., Picklo, M.J. 2020. Decreasing the dietary ratio of n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by reducing intake of linoleic acid does not prevent adiposity or bone deterioration in obese mice. Journal of Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa044.
    
  • Increasing dietary fish oil reduces adiposity and mitigates bone deterioration in growing C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Michelsen, K.G., Picklo, M.J. 2019. Increasing dietary fish oil reduces adiposity and mitigates bone deterioration in growing C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Journal of Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz215.
    
  • Dietary selenium supplementation does not attenuate mammary tumorigenesis-mediated bone loss in male MMTV-PyMT mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, L., Nielsen, F., Sundaram, S., Cao, J.J. 2019. Dietary selenium supplementation does not attenuate mammary tumorigenesis-mediated bone loss in male MMTV-PyMT mice. Biological Trace Element Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01767-7.
    
  • Effect of long-term green tea polyphenol supplementation on bone architecture, turnover, and mechanical properties in middle-aged ovariectomized rats -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Smith, B., Cao, J.J., Li, J., Song, X., Newhardt, M.F., Corry, K.A., Tomison, M.D., Tang, L., Wang, J. 2018. Effect of long-term green tea polyphenol supplementation on bone architecture, turnover, and mechanical properties in middle-aged ovariectomized rats. Calcified Tissue International. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-018-0489-y.
    
  • Caloric restriction combined with exercise is effective in reducing adiposity and mitigating bone structural deterioration in obese rats -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J. 2018. Caloric restriction combined with exercise is effective in reducing adiposity and mitigating bone structural deterioration in obese rats. New York Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13936.
    
  • Depletion and repletion of fruit and vegetable intake alters serum bone turnover markers: a 28-week single-arm experimental feeding intervention -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Whigham, L., Jahns, L.A. 2018. Depletion and repletion of fruit and vegetable intake alters serum bone turnover markers: A 28-week single-arm experimental feeding intervention. British Journal of Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518001642.
    
  • High dietary protein intake and protein-related acid load on bone health-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    
    
  • A high-fat diet decreases bone mass in growing mice with systemic chronic inflammation induced by low-dose, slow-release lipopolysaccharide pellets -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Shen, C. 2017. A high-fat diet decreases bone mass in growing mice with systemic chronic inflammation induced by low-dose, slow-release lipopolysaccharide pellets. Journal of Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.117.248302.
    
  • Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 attenuates and high-fat diet exacerbates bone loss in mice with pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, L., Nielsen, F.H., Sundaram, S., Cao, J.J. 2017. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 attenuates and high-fat diet exacerbates bone loss in mice with pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma. Oncotarget. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.15055.
    
  • Serum markers of bone turnover change in response to depletion and repletion of fruit and vegetable intake in adults: A 28-wk single-arm experimental feeding intervention-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Whigham, L.D., Jahns, L.A. 2017. Serum markers of bone turnover change in response to depletion and repletion of fruit and vegetable intake in adults: A 28-wk single-arm experimental feeding intervention [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 31:967.14.
    
  • Differential effects of calorie restriction and involuntary wheel running on body composition and bone structure in diet-induced obese rats-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R. 2017. Differential effects of calorie restriction and involuntary wheel running on body composition and bone structure in diet-induced obese rats [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 31:967.15.
    
  • Effect of delta-tocotrienols and green tea polyphenols on high-fat-diet-induced bone deterioration in male C57BL/6J mice-(Abstract Only)
    Shen, C., Tomison, M.D., Kaur, G., Ramalingam, L., Dufour, J., Moustaid-Moussa, N., Chung, E., Mo, H., Cao, J.J. 2017. Effect of delta-tocotrienols and green tea polyphenols on high-fat-diet-induced bone deterioration in male C57BL/6J mice [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 31:139.5.
    
  • Opposing impacts on healthspan and longevity by limiting dietary selenium in Telomere Dysfunctional mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Wu, R.T., Cao, L., Mattson, E., Witwer, K.W., Cao, J.J., Zeng, H., He, X., Combs, G.F., Cheng, W. 2017. Opposing impacts on healthspan and longevity by limiting dietary selenium in Telomere Dysfunctional mice. Aging Cell. 16(1):125-135.
    
  • Alpha-1 antitrypsin gene therapy prevented bone loss in ovariectomy induced osteoporosis mouse model -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Akbar, M., Cao, J.J., Lu, Y., Nardo, D., Chen, M., Elshikha, A.S., Ahamed, R., Brantly, M., Holliday, L., Song, S. 2016. Alpha-1 antitrypsin gene therapy prevented bone loss in ovariectomy induced osteoporosis mouse model. Human Gene Therapy. DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.029.
    
  • Ciliary intraflagellar transport protein 80 balances canonical versus non-canonical hedgehog signaling for osteoblast differentiation-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yuan, X., Cao, J.J., He, X., Wang, C., Serra, R., Qu, J., Cao, X., Yang, S. 2016. Ciliary intraflagellar transport protein 80 balances canonical versus non-canonical hedgehog signaling for osteoblast differentiation. Nature Communications. doi:10.1038/ncomms11024.
    
  • High-fat diet exacerbates bone loss in mice implanted with low-dose slow-release lipopolysaccharide pellets-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Shen, C. 2016. High-fat diet exacerbates bone loss in mice implanted with low-dose slow-release lipopolysaccharide pellets [abstract]. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. April 1-6, 2016, San Diego, California. 30:915.17.
    
  • A high-fat diet increases body weight and circulating estradiol levels but does not improve bone structural properties in ovariectomized mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R. 2016. A high-fat diet increases body weight and circulating estradiol levels but does not improve bone structural properties in ovariectomized mice. Nutrition Research. 36(4):320-327.
    
  • High-fat diet enhances and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency attenuates bone loss in mice with Lewis Lung carcinoma -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, L., Nielsen, F.H., Sundaram, S., Cao, J.J. 2015. High-fat diet enhances and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency attenuates bone loss in mice with Lewis Lung carcinoma. Anticancer Research. 35(7):3839-3847.
    
  • Soy protein is beneficial but high-fat diet and voluntary running are detrimental to bone structure in mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, L., Graef, G.L., Nielsen, F.H., Johnson, L.K., Cao, J.J. 2015. Soy protein is beneficial but high-fat diet and voluntary running are detrimental to bone structure in mice. Nutrition Research. 35(6):523-531.
    
  • Involuntary wheel running improves but does not fully reverse the deterioration of bone structure of obese rats despite decreasing adiposity -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Picklo, M.J. 2015. Involuntary wheel running decreases adiposity, improves but does not fully protect against negative skeletal effects of obesity induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Calcified Tissues International. 97(2):145-155.
    
  • Regulators of G protein signaling 12 (Rgs12) promotes osteoclastogenesis in bone remodeling and pathologic bone loss -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yuan, X., Cao, J.J., Liu, T., Li, Y., Scannapieco, F., He, X., Oursler, M.J., Zhang, X., Vacher, J., Li, C., Yang, S., Olson Olson, D. 2015. Regulators of G protein signaling 12 (Rgs12) promotes osteoclastogenesis in bone remodeling and pathologic bone loss. Cell Death and Differentiation. Available: http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/cdd201545a.html.
    
  • Impact of targeted PPAR gamma disruption on bone remodeling -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Ou, G., Ding, K., Yang, N., Kream, B.E., Hamrick, M.W., Isales, C.M., Shi, X. 2015. Impact of targeted PPAR gamma disruption on bone remodeling. Bone. 410:27-34.
    
  • Increased circulating estradiol in mice fed a high-fat diet does not attenuate ovariectomy-induced bone structural deterioration-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J. 2015. Increased circulating estradiol in mice fed a high-fat diet does not attenuate ovariectomy-induced bone structural deterioration [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 29:755.13.
    
  • SHP2 regulates osteoclastogenesis by promoting preosteoclast fusion -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Zhou, Y., Mohan, A., Moore, D., Lin, L., Zhou, F.L., Cao, J.J., Wu, Q., Qin, Y., Reginato, A.M., Ehrlich, M.G., Yang, W. 2015. SHP2 regulates osteoclastogenesis by promoting preosteoclast fusion. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 29(5):1635-45.
    
  • Transient decrements in mood during energy deficit are independent of dietary protein-to-carbohydrate ratio -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Karl, J., Thompson, L.A., Niro, P.J., Margolis, L.M., Mcclung, J.P., Cao, J.J., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Combs, G.F., Young, A.J., Liberman, H.R., Pasiakos, S.M. 2014. Transient decrements in mood during energy deficit are independent of dietary protein-to-carbohydrate ratio. Physiology and Behavior. 139:524–531.
    
  • Role of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) in bone acquisition-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    
    
  • Dietary protein level and source differentially affect bone metabolism, strength, and intestinal calcium transporter expression during ad libitum and food-restricted conditions in male rats -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Gaffney-Stomberg, E., Cao, J.J., Lin, G.G., Wulff, C.R., Murphy, N.E., Young, A.J., Mcclung, J.P., Pasiakos, S.M. 2014. Dietary protein level and source differentially affect bone metabolism, strength, and intestinal calcium transporter expression during ad libitum and food-restricted conditions in male rats. Journal of Nutrition. 144(6):821-829.
    
  • N-acetylcysteine supplementation decreases osteoclast differentiation and increases bone mass in mice fed a high-fat diet -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Picklo, M.J. 2014. N-acetylcysteine supplementation decreases osteoclast differentiation and increases bone mass in mice fed a high-fat diet. Journal of Nutrition. 144:289-296.
    
  • Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolic responses to high-protein diets during energy deficit in healthy young adults: a randomized control trial -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Pasiakos, S.M., Margolis, L.M., Sauter, E.R., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Mcclung, J.P., Young, A.J., Combs, G.F. 2014. Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolic responses to high-protein diets during energy deficit in healthy young adults: a randomized control trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 99:400-407.
    
  • Whole-body protein turnover response to short-term high-protein diets during weight loss: a randomized controlled trial -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Pasiokos, S.M., Margolis, L.M., Mcclung, J.P., Cao, J.J., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Combs, G.F., Young, A.J. 2014. Whole-body protein turnover response to short-term high-protein diets during weight loss: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Obesity. 38(7):1015-1018.
    
  • Effects of energy deficit, dietary protein, and feeding on intracellular regulators of skeletal muscle proteolysis -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Carbone, J.W., Margolis, L.M., Mcclung, J.P., Cao, J.J., Murphy, N.E., Sauter, E.R., Combs, G.F., Young, A.J., Pasiakos, S.M. 2013. Effects of energy deficit, dietary protein, and feeding on intracellular regulators of skeletal muscle proteolysis. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 27(12):5104-5111.
    
  • Curcumin reduces trabecular and cortical bone in naive and Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, L., Yee, J.A., Cao, J.J. 2013. Curcumin reduces trabecular and cortical bone in naive and Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice. Anticancer Research. 33:3153-3162.
    
  • Smoke carcinogens cause bone loss through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induction of CYP1 enzymes -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Iqbal, J., Sun, L., Cao, J.J., Yuen, T., Bab, I., Leu, N., Wagage, S., Hunter, C., Nebert, D.W., Zaidi, M. 2013. Smoke carcinogens cause bone loss through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induction of CYP1 enzymes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110(27):1115-11120.
    
  • Effects of high protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss: a randomized controlled trial-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Pasiakos, S.M., Cao, J.J., Margolis, L.M., Sauter, E.R., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Mcclung, J.P., Rood, J.C., Carbone, J.W., Combs, G.F., Young, A.J. 2013. Effects of high protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-230227.
    
  • Soy protein isolates prevent loss of bone quantity associated with obesity in rats through regulation of insulin signaling in osteoblasts -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Chen, J., Zhang, J., Laranko, O.P., Cao, J.J., Blackburn, M.L., Badger, T.M., Ronis, M.J. 2013. Soy protein isolates prevent loss of bone quantity associated with obesity in rats through regulation of insulin signaling in osteoblasts. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 27(9):3514-3523.
    
  • Mx1-cre mediated Rgs12 conditional knockout mice exhibit increased bone mass phenotype -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yang, S., Li, Y., Liu, T., He, X., Yuan, X., Li, C., Cao, J.J., Kim, Y. 2013. Mx1-cre mediated Rgs12 conditional knockout mice exhibit increased bone mass phenotype. Genesis. 51:201-209.
    
  • Selenium in bone health: roles in antioxidant protection and cell proliferation -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Zeng, H., Cao, J.J., Combs, G.F. 2013. Selenium in bone health: roles in antioxidant protection and cell proliferation. Nutrients. 5:97-110.
    
  • Dietary protein intake, energy deficit, and nitrogen balance in normal-weight adults: a randomized controlled-(Abstract Only)
    Margolis, L.M., Cao, J.J., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Mcclung, J.P., Combs, G.F., Young, A.J., Pasiakos, S.M. 2013. Dietary protein intake, energy deficit, and nitrogen balance in normal-weight adults: a randomized controlled. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 27:1075.11.
    
  • Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolic responses to protein diets and energy restriction: a randomized control trial-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Pasiakos, S.M., Margolis, L.M., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Mcclung, J.P., Young, A.Y., Combs, G.F. 2013. Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolic responses to high protein diets and energy restriction: a randomized control trial. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 27:249.1.
    
  • Influences of fiber, methionine and form of selenium on selenium hindgut targeting and tissue accumulation-(Abstract Only)
    Jackson, M.I., Padmanaban, K., Cao, J.J. 2013. Influences of fiber, methionine and form of selenium on selenium hindgut targeting and tissue accumulation. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 27:860.16.
    
  • Vitamin C reverses hypogonadal bone loss-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Zhu, L., Cao, J.J., Sun, M., Yuen, T., Zhou, R., Li, J., Peng, Y., Moonga, S.S., Guo, L., Mechanick, J.I., Iqbal, J., Peng, L., Blair, H.C., Biam, Z., Zaidi, M. 2012. Vitamin C reverses hypogonadal bone loss. PLoS One. 7(10):1-6.
    
  • S-Adenosylmethionine-dependent protein methylation Is required for expression of selenoprotein P and gluconeogenic enzymes in HepG2 human hepatocytes-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Jackson, M.I., Cao, J.J., Zeng, H., Uthus, E.O., Combs, G.F. 2012. S-Adenosylmethionine-dependent protein methylation Is required for expression of selenoprotein P and gluconeogenic enzymes in HepG2 human hepatocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 287(43):36455-36464.
    
  • Hyperthyroid-associated osteoporosis is exacerbated by the loss of TSH signaling -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Baliram, R., Sun, L., Cao, J.J., Li, J., Latif, R., Huber, A.K., Yuen, T., Blair, H.C., Zaidi, M., Davies, T.F. 2012. Hyperthyroid-associated osteoporosis is exacerbated by the loss of TSH signaling. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 122(10):3737-3741.
    
  • Blocking antibody to the beta-subunit of FSH prevents bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption and stimulating bone synthesis-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Zhu, L., Blair, H.C., Cao, J.J., Yuen, T., Latif, R., Guo, L., Tourkova, I.L., Li, J., Davies, T.F., Sun, L., Bian, Z., Rosen, C., Zallone, A., New, M.I., Zaidi, M. 2012. Blocking antibody to the beta-subunit of FSH prevents bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption and stimulating bone synthesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109(36):14574-14579.
    
  • Critical role for CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein beta in immune complex-induced acute lung injury-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, C., Wu, M., Cao, J.J., Tang, H., Zhu, M., Johnson, P.E., Gao, H. 2012. Critical role for CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein beta in immune complex-induced acute lung injury. Journal of Immunology. 189(3):1480-90.
    
  • Bone marrow oxytocin mediates the anabolic action of estrogen on the skeleton-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Colaianni, G., Sun, L., Di Benedetto, A., Tamma, R., Zhu, L., Cao, J.J., Grano, M., Yuan, T., Colucci, S., Cuscito, C., Mancini, L., Li, J., Nishimori, K., Bab, I., Lee, H., Iqbal, J., Young, W., Rosen, C., Zallone, A., Zaidi, M. 2012. Bone marrow oxytocin mediates the anabolic action of estrogen on the skeleton. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 287(34):29159-29167.
    
  • CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ¿ is a critical regulator of IL-1ß-induced IL-6 production in alveolar epithelial cells-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, C., Wang, X., Cao, J.J., Wu, M., Gao, H. 2012. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ¿ is a critical regulator of IL-1ß-induced IL-6 production in alveolar epithelial cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 7(4):e35492. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035492.
    
  • Selenium deficiency decreases antioxidative capacity and is detrimental to bone microarchitecture in mice-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Zeng, H. 2012. Selenium deficiency decreases antioxidative capacity and is detrimental to bone microarchitecture in mice. Journal of Nutrition. 142:1526-1531.
    
  • Green tea polyphenols benefits body composition and improves bone quality in long-term high-fat diet-induced obese rats-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Cao, J.J., Dagda, R., Chanjaplammootil, S., Lu, C., Chyu, M., Gao, W., Wang, J., Yeh, J.K. 2012. Green tea polyphenols benefits body composition and improves bone quality in long-term high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Nutrition Research. 32:448-457.
    
  • Alpha-1 antitrypsin reduces ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Song, S. 2012. Alpha-1 antitrypsin reduces ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. doi: 10.111/j.1749-6632.2011.06370.x.
    
  • A high protein diet upregulated whole-body protein turnover during energy deficit-(Abstract Only)
    Margolis, L.M., Cao, J.J., Sauter, E.R., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Mcclung, J.P., Combs, G.F., Young, A.J., Pasiakos, S.M. 2012. A high protein diet upregulated whole-body protein turnover during energy deficit. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 26:1013.3.
    
  • An essential role for the Stat3 in regulating IgG immune complex-induced pulmonary inflammation-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Tang, H., Yan, C., Cao, J.J., Sarma, J.V., Haura, E.B., Wu, M., Gao, H. 2011. An essential role for the Stat3 in regulating IgG immune complex-induced pulmonary inflammation. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 25:4292-4300.
    
  • Effects of obesity on bone metabolism-(Review Article)
    Cao, J.J. 2011. Effects of obesity on bone metabolism. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research. doi:10.1186/1749-799X-6-30.
    
  • Green tea and bone health-(Book / Chapter)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Cao, J.J., Chyu, M., Wang, J. 2012. Green tea and bone health. Pharmacological Research. 64(2):155-161.
    
  • Supplementation with green tea polyphenols improves bone microstructure and quality in aged, orchidectomized rats-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Cao, J.J., Dagda, R.Y., Tenner, T.E., Chyu, M., Yeh, J.K. 2011. Supplementation of green tea polyphenols improves bone microstructure and quality in aged, orchidectomized rats. Calcified Tissue International. 88(6):455-463.
    
  • Green tea polyphenols avert chronic inflammation-induced myocardial fibrosis of female rats-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Samathanam, C., Tatum, O.L., Graham, S., Tubb, C., Cao, J.J., Dunn, D.M., Wang, J. 2011. Green tea polyphenols avert chronic inflammation-induced myocardial fibrosis of female rats. Inflammation Research. 60(7):665-672.
    
  • A diet high in meat protein and potential renal acid load increases fractional Ca absorption and urinary Ca excretion, without affecting markers of bone resorption or formation in postmenopausal women-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Johnson, L.K., Hunt, J.R. 2011. A diet high in meat protein and potential renal acid load increases fractional Ca absorption and urinary Ca excretion, without affecting markers of bone resorption or formation in postmenopausal women. Journal of Nutrition. 141(3):391-397.
    
  • Zinc deficiency increases miR-34a expression in mice-(Abstract Only)
    Liuzzi, J.P., Valencia, K., Cao, J.J., Gonzales, A. 2011. Zinc deficiency increases miR-34a expression in mice. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 25:977.1.
    
  • Dietary protein, calcium metabolism and bone health in humans-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J. 2010. Dietary protein, calcium metabolism and bone health in humans. International Conference on Osteoporosis. Abstract No. HT6. p.75.
    
  • Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 inhibits LPS-induced IL-6 expression in osteoblasts by suppressing CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ß activity-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Yan, C., Cao, J.J., Wu, M., Jiang, T., Yoshimura, A., Gao, H., Zhang, W. 2010. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 inhibits LPS-induced IL-6 expression in osteoblasts by suppressing CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ß activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285(48):37227-37239.
    
  • Acid diet (high meat protein) effects on calcium metabolism and bone health-(Review Article)
    Cao, J.J., Nielsen, F.H. 2010. Acid diet (high meat protein) effects on calcium metabolism and bone health. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 13(6):698-702.
    
  • Pinto beans as a course of bioavailable selenium to support bone structure in mice-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Zeng, H. 2010. Pinto beans as a course of bioavailable selenium to support bone structure in mice [abstract]. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 25(Supplement 1).
    
  • Green tea polyphenols supplementation improves bone microstructure in orchidectomized middle-Aged rats-(Abstract Only)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Cao, J.J., Tenner, T., Wang, J. 2010. Green tea polyphenols supplementation improves bone microstructure in orchidectomized middle-Aged rats [abstract]. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 25(Supplement1).
    
  • Protective actions of green tea polyphenols and alfacalcidol on bone microstructure in female rats with chronic inflammation-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Samathanam, C.A., Cao, J.J., Stoecker, B.J., Dagda, R.Y., Chyu, M., Wang, J. 2011. Protective actions of green tea polyphenols and alfacalcidol on bone microstructure in female rats with chronic inflammation. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 22(7):673-680.
    
  • Osteoprotective Effect of Alfacalcidol in Female Rats with Systemic Chronic Inflammation-(Abstract Only)
    Shen, C., Cao, J.J., Yeh, J.K. 2010. Osteoprotective Effect of Alfacalcidol in Female Rats with Systemic Chronic Inflammation. [abstract] Endocrine Society Meeting. 31(3):S1065.
    
  • Green tea polyphenols attenuate deterioration of bone microarchitecture in female rats with systemic chronic inflammation-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Samathanam, C., Cao, J.J., Stoecker, B.J., Dagda, R.Y., Chyu, M., Dunn, D.M., Wang, J. 2011. Green tea polyphenols attenuate deterioration of bone microarchitecture in female rats with systemic chronic inflammation. Osteoporosis International. 22:327-337.
    
  • Selenium from Pinto Beans is Bioavailable to Support Bone Structure in Mice-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R. 2010. Selenium from Pinto Beans is Bioavailable to Support Bone Structure in Mice. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 24:726.1.
    
  • Synergistic effects of green tea polyphenols and alphacalcidol on chronic inflammation-induced bone loss in female rats-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Cao, J.J., Tatum, O.L., Dagda, R.Y., Wang, J. 2010. Synergistic effects of green tea polyphenols and alphacalcidol on chronic inflammation-induced bone loss in female rats. Osteoporosis International. 21(11):1841-1852.
    
  • Diet-induced Obesity Alters Bone Remodeling Leading to Decreased Femoral Trabecular Bone Mass in Mice-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Sun, L., Gao, H. 2010. Diet-induced Obesity Alters Bone Remodeling Leading to Decreased Femoral Trabecular Bone Mass in Mice. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1192:292-297.
    
  • Green tea polyphenols mitigate bone loss of female rats in a chronic inflammation-induced bone loss model-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Cao, J.J., Tatum, O.L., Dagda, R.Y., Wang, J. 2010. Green tea polyphenols mitigate bone loss of female rats in a chronic inflammation-induced bone loss model. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 21(10):968-974.
    
  • Green Tea Polyphenols and Vitamin D3 Protect Bone Microarchitecture in Female Rats with Chronic Inflammation-(Abstract Only)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J., Cao, J.J., Stoecker, B.J., Samathanam, C., Graham, S., Tatum, O., Dagda, R., Tubb, C., Wang, J. 2009. Green Tea Polyphenols and Vitamin D3 Protect Bone Microarchitecture in Female Rats with Chronic Inflammation. American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 24S1:227.
    
  • Pinto Bean Hull Extract Supplementation Favorably Affects Markers of Bone Metabolism and Bone Structure in Mice-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Gao, H. 2009. Pinto Bean Hull Extract Supplementation Favorably Affects Markers of Bone Metabolism and Bone Structure in Mice. American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 24S1:263.
    
  • Pinto Bean Hull Extract Supplementation Favorably Affects Markers of Bone Metabolism and Bone Structure in Mice-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Sheng, X., Liuzzi, J.P. 2010. Pinto Bean Hull Extract Supplementation Favorably Affects Markers of Bone Metabolism and Bone Structure in Mice. Food Research International. 43(2):560-566.
    
  • Green Tea and Bone Metabolism-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Cao, J.J., Wang, J. 2009. Green Tea and Bone Metabolism. Nutrition Research. 29(7):437-56.
    
  • Serum Cytokine Levels and Bone Structure in the Femur Are Affected By High-Fat Diet in Mice-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Gao, H. 2009. Serum Cytokine Levels and Bone Structure in the Femur Are Affected By High-Fat Diet in Mice. 3rd New York Skeletal biology and Medicine Conference. Abstract will not be published.
    
  • High-fat Diet Decreases Cancellous Bone Mass But Has No Effect on Cortical Bone Mass in the Tibia in Mice-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Gao, H. 2009. High-fat Diet Decreases Cancellous Bone Mass But Has No Effect on Cortical Bone Mass in the Tibia in Mice. Bone. 44:1097-1104.
    
  • Synergistic Effect of Green Tea Polyphenols and Vitamin D on Chronic Inflammation-Induced Bone Loss in Female Rats-(Abstract Only)
    Shen, C., Yeh, J.K., Dunn, D.M., Cao, J.J., Wang, J. 2009. Synergistic Effect of Green Tea Polyphenols and Vitamin D on Chronic Inflammation-Induced Bone Loss in Female Rats. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 23:220.2.
    
  • A Diet High in Meat Protein and Potential Renal Acid Load Increases Absorption and Urinary Excretion of Calcium, As Well As Serum IGF-I in Postmenopausal Women-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Johnson, L.K., Hunt, J.R. A Diet High in Meat Protein and Potential Renal Acid Load Increases Absorption and Urinary Excretion of Calcium, As Well As Serum IGF-I in Postmenopausal Women. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 23:108.7.
    
  • Obesity induced by high dietary fat leads to increased bone resorption marker, TRAP, and decreased bone mass in mice-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J., Gregoire, B.R., Gao, H. 2008. Obesity induced by high dietary fat leads to increased bone resorption marker, TRAP, and decreased bone mass in mice [Abstract]. 23S1:432.
    
  • Relative bone mass decreased in mice fed high dietary fat despite an increase in body mass and bone formation markers-(Abstract Only)
    Cao, J.J. 2008. Relative bone mass decreased in mice fed high dietary fat despite an increase in body mass and bone formation markers [Abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 22:314.1.
    
  • Aging impairs IGF-1 receptor activation and induces skeletal resistance to IGF-1-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
    Cao, J.J., Kurimoto, P., Boudignon, B., Rosen, C., Lima, F., Halloran, B.P. 2007. Aging impairs IGF-1 receptor activation and induces skeletal resistance to IGF-1. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 22(8):1271-1279.
    

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