Skip to main content
ARS Home » Plains Area » Grand Forks, North Dakota » Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center » Dietary Prevention of Obesity-related Disease Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #335260
Research Project: Food Factors to Prevent Obesity and Related Diseases

Location: Dietary Prevention of Obesity-related Disease Research

Title: Serum markers of bone turnover change in response to depletion and repletion of fruit and vegetable intake in adults: A 28-wk single-arm experimental feeding intervention

Author
item Cao, Jay
item WHIGHAM, LEAH - The Paso Del Norte Institute For Healthy Living
item Jahns, Lisa

Submitted to: Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/1/2016
Publication Date: 4/1/2017
Citation: Cao, J.J., Whigham, L.D., Jahns, L.A. 2017. Serum markers of bone turnover change in response to depletion and repletion of fruit and vegetable intake in adults: A 28-wk single-arm experimental feeding intervention [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 31:967.14.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Data from controlled intervention trials are lacking to support observational evidence suggesting a positive association between intake of fruit and vegetable (FV) and bone health. The objective of this study was to assess serum markers of bone turnover change in response to FV depletion and repletion. Twenty-nine subjects participated in a 28-wk single-arm experimental feeding intervention trial and consumed low FV diets for 6 wks (depletion phases 1 and 3), a provided high FV diet based upon the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for 8 wks (6-cup equivalents, phase 2), and usual diet for 8 wks (phase 4). At baseline, phases 1, 2, 3, and 4, intakes of total carotenoids, the most commonly used biomarker of FV intake, were 11.5 ± 1.2, 1.4 ± 0.2, 62.3 ± 0.9, 1.5 ± 0.4, and 9.0 ± 1.0 mg/d (mean ± SE), respectively, and the calculated dietary potential renal acid loads, a measure of the acid-base load of foods, were 19.5 ± 4.6, -16.7 ± 5.3, 20.9 ± 2.8, 21.1 ± 2.8, and 14.2 ± 3.5 mEq/d, respectively. Compared to the baseline, depletion in FV intake (phase 1) resulted in an increase (p < 0.05) in serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX, 0.68 ± 0.05 vs 0.97 ± 0.08 ng/ml, respectively), a bone resorption marker, and a decrease in serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP, 10.7 ±0.7 vs 9.5 ± 0.8 µg/L, respectively), a bone formation maker. High FV intake (phase 2) decreased serum CTX (p < 0.05) to 0.60 ± 0.04 ng/ml and increased serum BALP to 11.3 ± 0.7µg/L (p < 0.05), compared to the depletion phase 1. These data demonstrate that increased fruit and vegetable consumption at or above federal dietary guidance is beneficial to bone health potentially through decreased dietary acidity.