Disease evaluations and agronomic traits of advanced peanut breeding lines in 2012

Authors: Bennett, Rebecca; Chamberlin, Kelly

Submitted to: Peanut Research at Oklahoma State University
Publication Type: Experiment Station
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/1/2013
Publication Date: 3/14/2013
Citation: Bennett, R., Chamberlin, K.D. 2013. Disease evaluations and agronomic traits of advanced peanut breeding lines in 2012. In: Partners in Progress – Peanut Research at Oklahoma State University, 2012. Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, P-1039. p. 11-14.

Interpretive Summary: The development of new high-oleic peanut cultivars with improved yield, disease resistance, and agronomic performance is essential to the sustainability of the Southwestern peanut industry. In 2012, advanced breeding lines of Spanish, runner, and Virginia peanuts were evaluated for yield, seed grade (or quality) and size, and resistance to Sclerotinia and southern blights in small plots at the Caddo Research Station near Fort Cobb, OK. Among the Spanish entries evaluated, the cultivar Tamnut 06 (3258 lbs/acre) and breeding line 140-1OL (3477 lbs/A) had the highest yield. Tamnut 06 and 140-1OL, in addition to Tamspan 90, also had significantly larger seeds than the other Spanish entries. Among the runner entries, Red River Runner had the highest yield (4501 lbs/A) and grade, and large seeds. Yields from Tamrun 96 (4339 lbs/A) and the breeding line KC47 (4162 lbs/A) were similar to that of Red River Runner. The breeding lines KC37 and KC35 were similar to Red River Runner in seed grade and size, but their yields were significantly lower than that of Red River Runner. The Virginia breeding line with the highest yield, KC11 (4888 lbs/A), was significantly higher than the cultivar Jupiter (4211 lbs/A). The Virginia lines with the largest seeds were KC31 and KC30A, but these also had the lowest yields. Environmental conditions were unfavorable for Sclerotinia and southern blights, and no significant differences in disease incidences were observed among the Spanish, runner, and Virginia peanut entries. These results indicate significant progress in breeding peanut cultivars that surpass the agronomic qualities of currently available cultivars.

Technical Abstract: A total of 38 peanut cultivars and high-oleic advanced breeding lines were evaluated in small field plots in 2012 for yield, seed grade and size, and resistance to Sclerotinia minor and Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the 14 Spanish entries, the cultivar Tamnut 06 (3258 lbs/acre) and breeding line 140-1OL (3477 lbs/A) had the highest yield. Tamnut 06 and 140-1OL, in addition to Tamspan 90, also had significantly larger seeds than the other Spanish entries. Among the 16 runner entries, Red River Runner had the highest yield (4501 lbs/A) and grade (72), and large seeds (66 g per 100 seeds). Yields from Tamrun 96 (4339 lbs/A) and the breeding line KC47 (4162 lbs/A) were similar to that of Red River Runner. The breeding lines KC37 and KC35 were similar to Red River Runner in seed grade and size, but their yields were significantly lower than that of Red River Runner. Among the eight Virginia entries, the breeding line KC11 had the highest yield (4888 lbs/A), followed by KC12 (4258 lbs/A), but these lines were among the smallest in seed size. Conversely, the largest seeds were found in KC31 and KC30A (94 and 93 g per 100 seeds, respectively), breeding lines which also had the lowest yields. Environmental conditions were unfavorable for Sclerotinia and southern blights, and no significant differences in disease incidences were observed among the Spanish, runner, and Virginia peanut entries. These results indicate significant progress in breeding peanut cultivars that surpass the agronomic qualities of currently available cultivars.