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Title: PESTICIDES IN THE ATMOSPHERE OVER THE CHOPTANK RIVER WATERSHED, CHESAPEAKE BAY

Author
item GOEL, ANUBHA - UNIV. OF MARYLAND
item McConnell, Laura
item TORRENTS, ALBA - UNIV. OF MARYLAND
item KUANG, Z - UNIV. OF MARYLAND
item MERITT, D - UNIV. OF MARYLAND
item TOBASH, S - UNIV. OF MARYLAND

Submitted to: SETAC Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/1/2003
Publication Date: 11/9/2003
Citation: Goel, A., McConnell, L.L., Torrents, A., Kuang, Z., Meritt, D., Tobash, S. 2003. Pesticides in the atmosphere over the Choptank River Watershed, Chesapeake Bay [abstract]. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24th Annual Meeting in North America. 24:186.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The Choptank River basin is an area of intense agricultural activity with 59% of the land in the watershed under cultivation with an estimated pesticide usage of 335 tons in 2000. Aerial deposition of pesticides used in the region may be an important source for the Choptank River and ultimately the Chesapeake Bay. Air and rain concentrations of pesticides were measured at one site in the Choptank River watershed from 2000-2002 (April-November). The highest concentrations of pesticides in air and precipitation were seen during the growing season from April to September. Chlorothalonil, metolachlor, a-HCH and a-endosulfan were detected in all air samples (n=31) in 2000, and chlordanes were present in quantifiable amounts in >85% of air samples. Clausius-Clapeyron plots for currently used pesticides reveal that temperature explains only 23-45% of the concentration variation in gaseous phase suggesting the strong influence of other factors such as local usage. In precipitation, chlorothalonil was the most abundant (35-46 % of total pesticide flux) and the most frequently detected compound. The largest fraction of the herbicide net flux was observed from April to June, while the insecticide flux depended on timing and amount of rainfall during the year. From 2000-2002 the net yearly wet fluxes of chlorothalonil and atrazine decreased by 32-41 % and 20-25%, respectively, over the previous year's values while those of trifluralin increased by 40-100%. The total load of pesticides through wet deposition reduced from 176 ug/m2 in 2000 to 113 ug/m2 in 2002. The results indicate that the atmospheric concentrations of pesticides in the region are influenced by timing and pattern of usage as well as atmospheric conditions such as temperature and precipitation.