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Title: DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANT GREENBUGS (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND VALIDATION OF A BIOASSAY TO ASSESS RESISTANCE

Author
item WILDE, GERALD - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
item SHUFRAN, ROXANNE - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
item Kindler, Dean - Dean
item BROOKS, H - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
item SLODERBECK, PHIL - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Journal of Economic Entomology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/9/2000
Publication Date: 4/1/2001
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Greenbug is an important aphid pest of small grains, including wheat and grain sorghum. Control methods for greenbugs have included use of predators and parasites, resistant crop cultivars, and chemical insecticides. However, greenbug populations have shown the ability to overcome resistant crops and to develop insecticide resistance. Development of tests for determining pest resistance to insecticides is essential to implement resistance management strategies. Thus it is important to develop procedures to detect resistance and to verify the reliability of these procedures in the field. The currently used electrophoresis procedure is accurate but too costly and time-consuming for efficient use in the field. Our study established baseline information on four insecticides commonly used to control greenbugs. This information was then used to develop a discriminating dosage concentration that could be used as a diagnostic tool lfor quickly assessing resistance in greenbugs. Validation tests comparing results from the electrophoresis procedure and the dosage concentration procedure showed similar results, although the discriminating dose test was slightly less reliable overall. However, given the savings in cost and time, the discriminating dose test provides an effective alternative that can be used by individual growers to avoid ineffective and wasted pesticide applications.

Technical Abstract: Laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the toxicity of four insecticides (ethyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, malathion, and carbofuran) to insecticide-susceptible and -resistant populations of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). These bioassays were used to develop and validate a discriminating dose for assessing insecticide resistance in greenbug populations in the field. Samples from wheat and sorghum in two states, Oklahoma and Kansas, indicated that insecticide resistance persists at a low level in greenbug populations over a large area.