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Submitted to: Indian Journal of Agronomy
Publication Type: Review Article Publication Acceptance Date: 9/20/2012 Publication Date: 12/20/2012 Citation: Nandula, V.K., Reddy, K.N. 2012. Weed resistance challenges and management under herbicide resistant cropping systems. Indian Journal of Agronomy. 57(4):302-309. Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Over the last six decades, herbicides have been the mainstay of weed management in cropping systems around the world, especially in the Western Hemisphere. A direct consequence of intensive use of herbicides is the development of resistance in weed populations. The extreme popularity of transgenic glyphosate-resistant crops has resulted in resurgence in herbicide resistance issues. The factors affecting evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds include gene mutation, initial frequency of resistance alleles, inheritance, weed fitness in the presence and absence of herbicide, type of pollination, gene flow, and farming practices that favor a limited number of dominant weed species. Currently, five modes of herbicide resistance have been identified in weeds: target-site mutation, metabolic deactivation, reduced absorption and/or translocation, sequestration, and gene amplification. Herbicide-resistant weeds cause profound economic losses, serve as alternative hosts for pests and diseases, and affect human and animal health. Integrated and diversified management programs are critical to combat herbicide resistance in weed populations. |
