Location: Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research
2022 Annual Report
Accomplishments
1. Developed novel high-yielding wheat streak mosaic virus-resistant wheat germplasm derived from intermediate wheatgrass. A reduction in yield is commonly associated with wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) resistance gene Wsm1 from intermediate wheatgrass. A new donor line with a reduced Wsm1 translocation was used to develop breeding populations. Wheat lines were screened for WSMV resistance in the field, and a preliminary yield trial experiment was conducted to compare seed yields of the new Wsm1 translocation lines to those of high-yielding check cultivars. ARS scientists in Lincoln, Nebraska, in collaboration with the University of Nebraska-Lincoln scientists, identified two promising breeding lines, NW13MD108-3 and NW13MD109-1, respectively, with seed yields not significantly different (P > 0.05) from high-yielding checks. The new Wsm1 breeding lines will serve as an improved vehicle for the deployment of high-yielding Great Plains wheat varieties with resistance to WSMV.
2. Developed Great Plains-adapted wheat lines with resistance to Ug99 stem rust. A preliminary stem rust yield trial experiment was conducted in 2022 to compare seed yields of new Ug99-resistant breeding lines to previously developed high-yielding varieties. ARS scientists in Lincoln, Nebraska, identified twelve promising stem rust-resistant breeding lines derived from Ug99 resistance sources with grain yields that were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from high-yielding varieties. These twelve wheat lines will be used to develop new wheat cultivars that are resistant to evolved races of Ug99 stem rust and provide security to Great Plains wheat yields from the potential threat of future stem rust epidemics.
Review Publications
Tatineni, S., Alexander, J.A., Qu, F. 2022. Differential synergistic interactions among four different wheat-infecting viruses. Frontiers in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.800318.
Qi, L., Cai, X. 2022. Characterization and mapping of a downy mildew resistance gene, Pl36, in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Molecular Breeding. 42. Article 8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-022-01280-1.
Talukder, Z., Underwood, W., Misar, C.G., Seiler, G.J., Li, X., Cai, X., Qi, L. 2022. Genomic insights into Sclerotinia basal stalk rot resistance introgressed from wild Helianthus praecox into cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Frontiers in Plant Science. 13. Article 840954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.840954.
Zhu, X., Boehm Jr, J.D., Zhong, X., Cai, X. 2022. Genomic compatibility and inheritance of hexaploid-derived Fusarium head blight resistance genes in durum wheat. The Plant Genome. 15(2). Article e20183. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20183.
Venegas, J., Guttieri, M.J., Boehm Jr, J.D., Graybosch, R.A., Bai, G., St. Amand, P.C., Palmer, N.A., Hussain, W., Blecha, S., Baenziger, P. 2022. Genetic architecture of the high inorganic phosphate phenotype derived from a low phytate mutant in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20738.
