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Submitted to: Compendium of the Beet Diseases and Insects
Publication Type: Book / Chapter Publication Acceptance Date: 3/17/2009 Publication Date: 5/21/2009 Citation: Wintermantel, W.M. 2009. CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS. In: Compendium of the Beet Diseases and Pests. 2nd Ed., R.M. Harveson and L.E. Hanson, eds.,APS Press, St. Paul, MN. p 53. Interpretive Summary: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causes a bright, puckered mosaic of sugar beet and of many other species of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous crop plants and weeds. Leaves of young plants appear mottled, with chlorotic spots of various shapes and sizes. As the disease progresses, mottling continues, and leaves may be dwarfed and distorted, developing green blisters. The virus has an extensive host range, encompassing nearly 1000 species of plants in 85 families, and has been known to cause over 100 diseases on a variety of plants ranging from mild mosaic symptoms to severe necrosis and plant death. CMV is distributed throughout the world and has been reported on sugar beet wherever that crop is grown, although the disease is not common in the field. The genome of CMV is composed of three single-stranded RNAs, ranging from 2200 to 3400 nucleotides in length. Each RNA is packaged in a separate virus particle, but all particles are approximately 28 nm in diameter. Small RNAs known as satellite RNAs are often associated with CMV infection, and these satellites can alter both virus concentration in the plant as well as symptom expression. CMV is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by more than 60 species of aphids, of which only Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis fabae (Scopoli) reproduce extensively on sugar beet. The virus is acquired by all stages of the vector with feeding times as short as 1 minute, but transmission efficiency declines rapidly and is lost within a few hours. Technical Abstract: N/A APS's Compendium of Beet Disease and Insects. APS Press. |
