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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Canal Point, Florida » Sugarcane Field Station » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #402971
Research Project: Development of High-Yielding, Stress Tolerant Sugarcane Cultivars Using Agronomic, Genetic, and Molecular Approaches

Location: Sugarcane Field Station

Title: Selection of new sugarcane genotypes for sandy soils in Florida with enhanced sucrose yield

Author
item Coto Arbelo, Orlando
item Momotaz, Aliya
item SANDHU, HARDEV - University Of Florida
item Sood, Sushma
item DAVIDSON, WAYNE - Florida Sugarcane League
item BALTAZAR, MIGUEL - Florida Sugarcane League
item ZHAO, DULI - Former ARS Employee

Submitted to: Agriculture
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/12/2023
Publication Date: 5/18/2023
Citation: Coto Arbelo, O., Momotaz, A., Sandhu, H.S., Sood, S.G., Davidson, W.R., Baltazar, M., Zhao, D. 2023. Selection of new sugarcane genotypes for sandy soils in Florida with enhanced sucrose yield. Agriculture. 13:1079. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051079.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051079

Interpretive Summary: Florida is the top sugarcane producer in the United States, accounting for 1.89 million tonnes of sugar produced in 2021. New CP genotypes with superior sucrose yield were detected in trials planted in sandy soils in Florida. Overall, two new genotypes (CP 14-4165 and CP 13-2340) had cane yield and ratooning ability similar to the main check (CP 96-1252), whereas both had 3.44 and 3.08% greater sucrose yield compared with check cultivars. Both test genotypes showed a narrow adaptability to sand locations in Florida. CP 13-2340 showed the highest sucrose yield in Townsite and PPI locations, while CP 14-4165 was the winning genotype in the Perry Farm location. Based on their higher sucrose yield, both genotypes should be used as parents in the Canal Point breeding and selection program.

Technical Abstract: In this study 13 test sugarcane varieties genotypes and three checks were evaluated in three sand locations during three crop cycles. Multi-environment Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) was highly significant for commercial recoverable sucrose (CRS) yield and not significant for cane yield (CY) among genotypes. Genotype variance estimates were greater for BLUP_CRS and lower for BLUP_CY than variances due to GEI in both variables, indicating that there were more opportunities to select suitable genotypes for CRS yield. The ANOVA based on the ratooning ability (RA) values produced significant genotypic effects, but a limited RA diversity was detected in the population. The simultaneous selection for BLUP_CY, BLUP_CRS yield and RA permitted to select CP 14-4165 and CP 13-2340 as the most outstanding genotypes. The BLUP_GGE biplots method showed that Pahokee Produce Inc. (PP) location was the most discriminant for BLUP_CY, whereas Townsite (TS) resulted in the ideal location. For BLUP_CRS yield, the three locations had similar ability to discriminate genotypes and were positive and strongly correlated. Which-won-where graph based on BLUP_GGE analysis indicated that CP 13-2340 showed the highest BLUP_CRS yield in TS and Perry Farm (PF) locations, while CP 14-4165 and CP 14-4588 were the winning varieties in Perry Farm (PF) location. The results suggest the possibility to select varieties with high CRS yield without compromising the variety discrimination for CY.