Construction of full-length infectious clones of Turnip mosaic virus isolates infecting Perilla frutescens and genetic analysis of recently emerged strains of TuMV in Korea

Authors: SONG, ZHENG-XING - Chungnam National University; CHU, SU-JEONG - Chungnam National University; Hammond, John; LIM, HYOUN-SUB - Chungnam National University; SEO, EUN-YOUNG - Chungnam National University; HU, WEN-XING - Chungnam National University; LIM, YONGPYO - Chungnam National University; PARK, TAE-SEON - Kangwon National University; PARK, JI-SOO - Kangwon National University; HONG, JIN-SUNG - Kangwon National University; CHO, IN-SOOK - Rural Development Administration - Korea

Submitted to: Archives of Virology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/23/2021
Publication Date: 3/8/2022
Citation: Song, Z., Chu, S., Hammond, J., Lim, H., Seo, E., Hu, W., Lim, Y., Park, T., Park, J., Hong, J., Cho, I. 2022. Construction of full-length infectious clones of Turnip mosaic virus isolates infecting Perilla frutescens and genetic analysis of recently emerged strains of TuMV in Korea. Archives of Virology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05356-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05356-9

Interpretive Summary: Plant viruses infect many different crops, frequently causing losses of both yield and quality. The viruses may be spread both within and between crops by insect vectors, such as the aphids which transmit potyviruses; mechanical transmission may also occur within the crop during routine horticultural operations. New isolates may emerge by mutation, by recombination between previous isolates infecting various crops, or by long-distance movement by wind-blown aphids from a distant source. Scientists in Korea discovered new isolates of the potyvirus, turnip mosaic virus, infecting the high-value leafy vegetable Perilla; turnip mosaic virus also commonly infects and causes losses in radish and Chinese cabbage in Korea. Two new isolates from Perilla were compared to other recent turnip mosaic virus isolates from radish and canola, both by nucleotide sequence comparison, and by mechanical inoculation to different host plants. The isolates from Perilla were found to be closely related to Korean isolates from radish, and distantly related to isolates from Chinese cabbage. Two radish isolates were identified as potential recombinants between isolates from radish and Chinese cabbage, providing new insight into the evolutionary relationships between Korean isolates of turnip mosaic virus.

Technical Abstract: Perilla is an annual herb with a unique aroma and taste and has been cultivated in Korea for hundreds of years. Owing to the highly edible and medicinal value of Perilla plant, it has been widely cultivated in many Asian and European countries. Recently, several viruses have been reported to cause diseases in Perilla in Korea, including turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) which is known as a brassica pathogen due to its significant damage to brassica crops. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequences of two new TuMV isolates originating from Perilla in Korea. Full-length infectious cDNA clones of these two isolates were constructed and their infectivity was tested by agroinfiltration on Nicotiana benthamiana and sap inoculation on Chinese cabbage and radish. In addition, we analyzed the phylogenetic relationship of six new Korean TuMV isolates and determined their respective affiliation with the four major groups and conducted the recombination analysis for isolates recently occurring in Korean by RDP4 software, which provided new insight into the evolutionary relationships among Korean isolates of TuMV.