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Title: Meta-analysis across Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium provides evidence for an association of serum vitamin D with pulmonary function

Author
item XU, JIAYI - Cornell University
item BARTZ, TRACI - University Of Washington
item CHITTOOR, GEETHA - Geisinger Medical Center
item EIRIKSDOTTIR, GUDNY - Icelandic Heart Association
item MANICHAIKUL, ANI - University Of Virginia
item SUN, FANGUI - Boston University
item TERZIKHAN, NATALIE - Erasmus Medical Center
item ZHOU, XIA - University Of Minnesota
item BOOTH, SARAH - Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging At Tufts University
item BRUSSELLE, GUY - Ghent University
item DE BOER, IAN - University Of Washington
item FORNAGE, MYRIAM - University Of Texas
item FRAZIER-WOOD, ALEXIS - Baylor College
item GRAFF, MARIAELISA - University Of North Carolina
item GUDNASON, VILMUNDUR - University Of Iceland
item HARRIS, TAMARA - National Institutes Of Health (NIH)
item HOFMAN, ALBERT - Netherlands Genomics Initiative
item HOU, RUIXUE - University Of North Carolina
item HOUSTON, DENISE - Wake Forest University
item JACOBS JR, DAVID - University Of Minnesota
item KRITCHEVSKY, STEPHEN - Wake Forest University
item LATOURELLE, JEANNE - Boston University
item LAMAITRE, ROZENN - University Of Washington
item LUTSEY, PAMELA - University Of Minnesota
item O'CONNOR, GEORGE - Boston University
item OELSNER, ELIZABETH - Columbia University - New York
item PANKOW, JAMES - University Of Minnesota
item PSATY, BRUCE - University Of Washington
item ROHDE, REBECCA - University Of North Carolina
item RICH, STEPHEN - University Of Virginia
item ROTTER, JEROME - Harbor-Ucla Medical Center
item SMITH, LEWIS - Northwestern University
item STRICKER, BRUNO - Erasmus Medical Center
item VORUGANTI, V. SAROJA - University Of North Carolina
item WANG, THOMAS - Vanderbilt University
item ZILLIKENS, M. CAROLA - Erasmus Medical Center
item BARR, R. GRAHAM - Columbia University - New York
item DUPUIS, JOSEE - Boston University
item GHARIB, SINA - University Of Washington
item LAHOUSSE, LIES - Ghent University
item LONDON, STEPHANIE - National Institutes Of Health (NIH)
item NORTH, KARI - University Of North Carolina
item SMITH, ALBERT - Icelandic Heart Association
item STEFFEN, LYN - University Of Minnesota
item HANCOCK, DANA - Rti International, Usa
item CASSANO, PATRICIA - Cornell University

Submitted to: British Journal of Nutrition
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/9/2018
Publication Date: 11/28/2018
Citation: Xu, J., Bartz, T.M., Chittoor, G., Eiriksdottir, G., Manichaikul, A.W., Sun, F., Terzikhan, N., Zhou, X., Booth, S.L., Brusselle, G.G., de Boer, I.H., Fornage, M., Frazier-Wood, A.C., Graff, M., Gudnason, V., Harris, T.B., Hofman, A., Hou, R., Houston, D.K., Jacobs Jr, D.R., Kritchevsky, S.B., Latourelle, J., Lamaitre, R.N., Lutsey, P.L., O'Connor, G., Oelsner, E.C., Pankow, J.S., Psaty, B.M., Rohde, R.R., Rich, S.S., Rotter, J.I., Smith, L.J., Stricker, B.H., Voruganti, V., Wang, T.J., Zillikens, M., Barr, R., Dupuis, J., Gharib, S.A., Lahousse, L., London, S.J., North, K.E., Smith, A.V., Steffen, L.M., Hancock, D.B., Cassano, P.A. 2018. Meta-analysis across Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium provides evidence for an association of serum vitamin D with pulmonary function. British Journal of Nutrition. 120(10):1159-1170. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518002180.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518002180

Interpretive Summary: Some studies have reported vitamin D status is associated with pulmonary (lung) function, while others found no association between vitamin D status and pulmonary function. To address these inconsistencies, we conducted a large cross-sectional meta-analysis of the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D, a measure of vitamin D status) and pulmonary function, based on nine cohorts of people with European ancestry and five cohorts of people with African ancestry. The average serum 25(OH)D was higher in people with European Ancestry compared to those with African ancestry. In people with European ancestry and with African ancestry, standard measures of pulmonary function were higher for each nmol/L unit increase in serum 25(OH)D. Among those with European ancestry, the association between serum 25(OH)D was stronger among current and former smokers, compared to those who never smoked. In summary, the 25(OH)D associations with pulmonary function were positive in both ancestries. In those of European ancestry, a stronger association was observed for smokers compared to never smokers, which supports the importance of vitamin D in vulnerable populations.

Technical Abstract: The role that vitamin D plays in pulmonary function remains uncertain. Epidemiological studies reported mixed findings for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]-pulmonary function association. We conducted the largest cross-sectional meta-analysis of the 25(OH)D-pulmonary function association to date, based on nine European ancestry (EA) cohorts (n=22 838) and five African ancestry (AA) cohorts (n=4290) in the CHARGE Consortium. Data were analyzed using linear models by cohort and ancestry. Effect modification by smoking status (current/former/never) was tested. Results were combined using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Mean (SD) serum 25(OH)D was 68 (29) nmol/L for EAs and 49 (21) nmol/L for AAs. For each 1 nmol/L higher 25(OH)D, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) was higher by 1.1 mL in EAs (95% CI: 0.9,1.3; P < 0.0001) and 1.8 mL (95% CI: 1.1,2.5; P < 0.0001) in AAs (Prace difference=0.06), and forced vital capacity (FVC) was higher by 1.3 mL in EAs (95% CI: 1.0,1.6; P < 0.0001) and 1.5 mL (95% CI: 0.8,2.3; P = 0.0001) in AAs (Prace difference=0.56). Among EAs, the 25(OH)D-FVC association was stronger in smokers: per 1nmol/L higher 25(OH)D, FVC was higher by 1.7 mL (95% CI: 1.1,2.3) for current smokers and 1.7 mL (95% CI: 1.2,2.1) for former smokers, compared to 0.8 mL (95% CI: 0.4,1.2) for never smokers. In summary, the 25(OH)D associations with FEV1 and FVC were positive in both ancestries. In EAs, a stronger association was observed for smokers compared to never smokers, which supports the importance of vitamin D in vulnerable populations.