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Submitted to: Industrial Crops and Products
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 7/6/2018 Publication Date: 7/18/2018 Citation: Morris, J.B., Wang, M.L. 2018. Updated review of potential medicinal genetic resources in the USDA, ARS, PGRCU industrial and legume crop germplasm collections. Industrial Crops and Products. 123:470-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.07.014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.07.014 Interpretive Summary: Information about legume and industrial crops consisting of phytochemicals with potential value as medicinal products is important knowledge for other scientists to know so that they may use these in the development of new plant types. The species reported here show their value for health enhancing uses including fighting diseases in animals and humans. Technical Abstract: Twenty-two health functional legumes and industrial crops contain several phytochemicals and extracts which have potential use as medicinal food, nutraceutical, or functional vegetables in the United States and other countries worldwide. The objective of this study was to present a review of several legume species in the USDA, ARS, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit’s (PGRCU) collection for potential use as non-traditional human and livestock medicinal plants. Specific phytochemicals and extracts from various plant organs will be identified and discussed from these legumes and industrial crops. Potential phyto-pharmaceuticals including flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, cliotides, steroids, and saponin, from butterfly pea flowers, seed coats, and roots; saponin, steroids, anthro-quinones, terpinoids, flavonoids, and phlabotanin from I. cassioides leaves; dequelin, dehydrodeguelin, rotenol, rotenone, tephrosin, and sumatrol from hyacinth bean seeds and roots; L-dopa from velvetbean and S. bispinosa seeds; pachyerosin from jicama seeds; vitexin from T. labialis aerial parts and flavonol glycoside from stems; caffeic, ferulic, cinnamic acids and kaempferol from moth bean sprouts; 7S globulins from celera bean seeds; defensin, unguilin, trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor, 7S globulins from cowpea seeds, and plant extracts. These phytochemicals and extracts have been shown to have multiple potential uses including antifungal, antibacterial, antiasthmatic, anti-tuberculosis, anti-malaria, parkinson’s disease management, anti-cancer, antioxidant, oxidative stress reduction, cholesterol reduction, anti-Leishmania amazonensi, anti-breast cancer, anti-inflammatory, skin disease inhibition, reducing blood pressure, immunostimulation, myocardial ischemia protection, anthelmintic, improve eye surface protection from dry eye symptoms, prevent oral bacteria and kidney damage. These species could provide the medicinal, nutraceutical, and functional food industries with valuable health products and can be used by other scientist’s and breeders for the development of unique germplasm and/or advanced cultivars with one or more of these traits. Furthermore, many more plant species in the PGRCU collection need to be evaluated for the identification, quantification, and variability of potentially and very valuable health traits which are currently unknown. |
