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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mayaguez, Puerto Rico » Tropical Crops and Germplasm Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #341721
Title: Progress in the selection of common bean lines with adaptation to high temperatures in Honduras

Author
item ROSAS, JUAN - Zamorano, Panamerican School Of Agriculture
item BEAVER, JAMES - University Of Puerto Rico
item Porch, Timothy - Tim
item BEEBE, S. - Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario
item BURRIDGE, J. - Pennsylvania State University
item LYNCH, J. - Pennsylvania State University

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/30/2017
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Common bean production in Central America and the Caribbean (CA/C) is affected by periods of drought and increased temperatures due to climatic changes. The objective of this study was to identify bean lines having greater adaptation to high temperature and good agronomic adaptation. The most promising lines will be considered for release as cultivars or for use as breeding parents for genetic improvement. During the summer (February), first (June) and second (October) planting seasons of 2015-16, the BASE 2014 y 2015 trials including 120 lines and several trials of the CA/C- Bean Research Network were evaluated in Nacaome, Honduras (44 masl). Maximum and minimum average temperatures during the trials registered with iButton sensors, were >36°C y >22°C, respectively. Plant samples were taken at pod filling (R8) to determine biomass and pod dry weight (DW), and pod partition index; and at harvest maturity, to determine pod and seed DW, harvest index, seed yield and seed size. The effects of high temperatures in sensitive bean lines were flower and small pod abortion, smaller pod size with less seed, smaller seed size, poor seed yield and plants with excessive vegetative growth. Flowering of heat tolerant lines began from 30 to 45 days after planting. Many heat sensitive lines continued flowering and produced few or no seeds. Seed yields varied from <100 kg/ha to >2,000 kg/ha. A small number of common bean and tepary (P. acutifolius) lines were identified as tolerant to high temperatures. These lines also yielded well in more favorable conditions. One small red heat tolerant line was released in El Salvador and will be released in Honduras during 2017; other small red and blacks lines are being validated on farmer fields.

Technical Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in Central America and the Caribbean (CA/C) is affected by periods of drought and increased temperatures due to climatic changes. The objective of this study was to identify bean lines having greater adaptation to high temperature and good agronomic adaptation. The most promising lines will be considered for release as cultivars or for use as breeding parents for genetic improvement. During the summer (February), first (June) and second (October) planting seasons of 2015-16, the BASE 2014 y 2015 trials including 120 lines and several trials of the CA/C- Bean Research Network were evaluated in Nacaome, Honduras (44 masl). Maximum and minimum average temperatures during the trials registered with iButton sensors, were >36°C y >22°C, respectively. Plant samples were taken at pod filling (R8) to determine biomass and pod dry weight (DW), and pod partition index; and at harvest maturity, to determine pod and seed DW, harvest index, seed yield and seed size. The effects of high temperatures in sensitive bean lines were flower and small pod abortion, smaller pod size with less seed, smaller seed size, poor seed yield and plants with excessive vegetative growth. Flowering of heat tolerant lines began from 30 to 45 days after planting. Many heat sensitive lines continued flowering and produced few or no seeds. Seed yields varied from <100 kg/ha to >2,000 kg/ha. A small number of common bean and tepary (P. acutifolius) lines were identified as tolerant to high temperatures. These lines also yielded well in more favorable conditions. One small red heat tolerant line was released in El Salvador and will be released in Honduras during 2017; other small red and blacks lines are being validated on farmer fields.