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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Madison, Wisconsin » U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center » Environmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research » Research » Research Project #449326

Research Project: Surface and Subsurface Runoff Monitoring at Edge-of-Field Farm Sites in Central Wisconsin

Location: Environmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research

Project Number: 5090-12630-006-040-N
Project Type: Non-Funded Cooperative Agreement

Start Date: Aug 1, 2026
End Date: Dec 31, 2030

Objective:
Conduct sampling and analysis of surface and subsurface runoff from two private farm fields for a period of five years to understand how subsurface drainage affects nutrient losses.

Approach:
The approach consists of installing runoff monitoring equipment to enable year-round monitoring and water sampling to nutrient and sediment losses over a five year period. The Cooperator selected one grain farm and one dairy farm in 2025 to be part of the project. Runoff sampling and flow monitoring equipment were installed by the Cooperator during October and November 2025. Runoff monitoring will commence in 2026 with snow melt events. Runoff samples will be collected by the Agency and analyzed for total solids, total nitrogen (N), nitrate-N, ammonium-N, total phosphorus (P), dissolved reactive P, and particulate P. Flow data will be automatically recorded using flow sensors and monitored/managed by the Agency and Cooperator.