The Gossypium anomalum genome as a resource for cotton improvement and evolutionary analysis of hybrid incompatibility

Authors: GROVER, CORRINNE - Iowa State University; YUAN, DAOJUN - Huazhong Agricultural University; ARICK, MARK - Mississippi State University; MILLER, EMMA - Iowa State University; HU, GUANJING - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; PETERSON, DANIEL - Mississippi State University; WENDEL, JONATHAN - Iowa State University; Udall, Joshua - Josh

Submitted to: Genes, Genomes, Genetics
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/30/2021
Publication Date: 9/6/2021
Citation: Grover, C.E., Yuan, D., Arick, M.A., Miller, E.R., Hu, G., Peterson, D.G., Wendel, J.F., Udall, J.A. 2021. The Gossypium anomalum genome as a resource for cotton improvement and evolutionary analysis of hybrid incompatibility. Genes, Genomes, Genetics. Article jkab319. https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkab319.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkab319

Interpretive Summary: This is a genome report of a wild African cotton species, Gossypium anomalum. Gossypium anomalum is a wild African diploid species that harbors stress-resistance and fiber-related traits with potential application to modern breeding efforts. In addition, this species is a natural source of cytoplasmic male sterility and a resource for understanding hybrid lethality in the genus. This report contains a description of the genome sequence - including assembly and gene annotation. It represents a significant contribution in cotton genetics research, and will facilitate the work of cotton breeders in improving the crop for farmers worldwide.

Technical Abstract: Cotton is an important crop that has been the beneficiary of multiple genome sequencing efforts, including diverse representatives of wild species for germplasm development. Gossypium anomalum is a wild African diploid species that harbors stress-resistance and fiber-related traits with potential application to modern breeding efforts. In addition, this species is a natural source of cytoplasmic male sterility and a resource for understanding hybrid lethality in the genus. Here we report a high-quality de novo genome assembly for G. anomalum and characterize this genome relative to existing genome sequences in cotton. In addition, we use the synthetic allopolyploids 2(A2D1) and 2(A2D3) to discover regions in the G. anomalum genome potentially involved in hybrid lethality, a possibility enabled by introgression of regions homologous to the D3 (G. davidsonii) lethality loci into the synthetic 2(A2D3) allopolyploid.