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ARS Home » Plains Area » Lubbock, Texas » Cropping Systems Research Laboratory » Livestock Issues Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #339272
Title: Administration of LPS three times during gestation alters the postnatal acute phase and metabolic responses to an LPS challenge in weaned beef heifers

Author
item WORD, ALYSSA - Texas Tech University
item Sanchez, Nicole
item Carroll, Jeffery - Jeff Carroll
item Broadway, Paul
item SILVA, GLEISE - University Of Florida
item RANCHES, JULIANA - University Of Florida
item PARDELLI, UMBERTO - University Of Florida
item WARREN, JULIE - University Of Florida
item MORIEL, PHILIPE - University Of Florida
item ARTHINGTON, JOHN - University Of Florida

Submitted to: Journal of Animal Science Supplement
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/29/2017
Publication Date: 4/21/2017
Citation: Word, A.B., Sanchez, N.C., Carroll, J.A., Broadway, P.R., Silva, G.M., Ranches, J., Pardelli, U., Warren, J., Moriel, P., Arthington, J.D. 2017. Administration of LPS three times during gestation alters the postnatal acute phase and metabolic responses to an LPS challenge in weaned beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science Supplement. 95 (Supplement 4): 215 (Abstract 048).

Interpretive Summary: Roots provide support for plants and also are the organ to adsorb nutrients from soils. Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for all living organisms, but at elevated concentrations, it is extremely toxic to plants and can inactivate and disturb protein structures. To explore the molecular changes involved in the copper stress response, the present study was conducted using the roots of sorghum seedlings. Morphological and ionic changes were observed prominently in the roots when the seedlings of sorghum were exposed to different concentrations (0, 50, and 100 µM) of CuSO4. However, the morphological characteristics were reduced by Cu stress and the most significant growth inhibition was observed in plants treated with the highest concentration of Cu2+ ions (100 µM). In the proteome analysis, high-throughput two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry was performed to explore the molecular responses of Cu-induced sorghum seedling roots. In two-dimensional silver-stained gels, a total of 422 differentially expressed proteins (= 1.5-fold) were identified using Progenesis SameSpot software. A total of 21 protein spots (= 1.5-fold) from Cu-induced sorghum roots were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Of the 21 differentially expressed protein spots from Cu-induced sorghum roots, a total of 10 proteins were up-regulated and 11 proteins were down-regulated. The abundance of the most identified protein species from the roots that function in stress response and metabolism was significantly enhanced, while protein species involved in transcription and regulation were severely reduced. Taken together, these results indicate a good correlation among the morphological, ionic and molecular alterations in sorghum seedling roots exposed to excess copper.

Technical Abstract: This study evaluated whether three administrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during gestation would alter the acute phase (APR) and metabolic responses to a postnatal LPS challenge in weaned heifers. Pregnant crossbred cows (n=50) were randomized into prenatal immune stimulation (PIS; n=24; administered 0.1 ug/kg BW LPS subcutaneously at 71 +/- 2, 170 +/- 2 and 234 +/- 2 d of gestation) and saline groups (CON; n=26). From these treatment groups, heifers calves (n=12 PIS and 11 CON) were identified at weaning (244 +/- 3 d of age) to subsequently receive an LPS challenge. On d0, heifers were fitted with indwelling vaginal temperature (VT) devices, jugular catheters, and moved into individual stalls. On d1, heifers were challenged i.v. with LPS (0.5 ug/kg BW) at 0h. Blood samples were collected and sickness behavior scores (SBS) were recorded at 0.5h intervals from -2 to 8 and at 24h relative to LPS challenge. Serum was isolated and stored until analyzed for cortisol, cytokines, glucose NEFA and urea nitrogen (SUN) concentrations. Vaginal temperature was lesser in heifers in the PIS treatment group from -11 to -5h pre-challenge (trt x time P<0.01) compared to the CON group; however, the post-LPS VT response was similar between treaments (P=0.74). There was a trt x time interaction (P<0.01) for SBS with PIS heifers having lesser SBS from 0.5 to 2h post-challenge. There was a trt x time interaction (P=0.04) for cortisol with PIS heifers having greater cortisol at 0.5, 3, 3.5, and 6.5h post-challenge than CON. There were trt x time interactions for the post-challenge cytokine responses (P<0.05). Specifically, PIS had greater TNF-alpha at 2 and 2.5h, yet less TNF-alpha at 3h than CON (P<0.01), and PIS had greater IFN-gamma from 3.5 to 5.5h post-challenge than CON (P<0.01). In contrast, IL-6 was less in PIS than CON heifers from 2 to 8h post-challenge (P<0.02). Glucose was greater in PIS at -1.5h, but less at 2, 3 and 5.5h compared to CON (trt x time P<0.01). Serum NEFA tended (P=0.06) to be greater in PIS than CON heifers. There was a trt x time interaction (P<0.01) for SUN with PIS having greater SUN at -2, -1.5, 2, 3, 6.5 and 24h than CON. Thus, in utero exposure to LPS thrice during gestation reduced sickness behaviors and altered pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. These data suggest that prenatal exposure to LPS has the capability to alter the APR of offspring when presented with a similar challenge at weaning.