Location: Virus and Prion Research
Project Number: 5030-32000-231-080-I
Project Type: Interagency Reimbursable Agreement
Start Date: Jul 1, 2020
End Date: Sep 30, 2023
Objective:
Objective 1: Quantify USA swine influenza A virus genetic evolution via analysis of influenza A virus in the swine surveillance system data.
Objective 2: Development and implementation of publicly available software for analysis of spatial and temporal trends in the diversity of influenza A virus in swine.
Objective 3: Determine global genetic and antigenic relationships of swine influenza A virus.
Approach:
A better understanding of the genetic evolution of influenza A viruses (IAV) in swine is warranted based on the tremendous diversity of IAV in the swine population. Through computational analyses of the surface proteins and select whole genomes of IAV, we will identify spatial and temporal trends in genetic diversity, and select viruses for in vitro and in vivo pathogenesis, transmission, and vaccine studies. National Animal Health Laboratory Network IAV sequence submissions will be accessed from NCBI Genbank and we will perform genomic epidemiology and evolutionary analyses where the fully assembled sequences are analyzed in the context of contemporary and historical IAV for determination of phylogenetic relationships, lineages, and reassortment. These analyses will be used to objectively select representative viruses and those with unique genetic characteristics for additional phenotypic testing. Avian or human IAV of potential risk to the swine population will be identified and IAV identified through public health investigations of zoonotic transmission events or from the animal health sector will be assessed for genetic signatures that may drive unique phenotypes. From the HA and NA gene analyses, a randomized selection of isolates, stratified by the HA/NA phylogenetic clade detection frequency will be identified for whole genome sequencing. Integrating the IAV-S data into global swine IAV genetic and antigenic analyses will occur biannually for the OFFLU FAO/OIE Network of Expertise on Animal Influenza reports contributed to WHO Vaccine Consultation Meetings.
