Food or biofuel production? Why not both? We have developed novel double cropping systems to grow winter oilseeds (camelina and pennycress) as cover crops to produce advanced biofuels, followed by soybean the next summer to produce two crops in a single season. Photo by Russ Gesch

PAGMan is a tractor-mounted implement with a PTO-driven air compressor that feeds abrasive grit to eight nozzles for postemergence control of small annual weeds. PAGMan is a joint project by USDA-ARS, Morris, MN and South Dakota State University. Photo by Dean Peterson

Female ruby-throated hummingbird visiting a borage flower. Borage is an oilseed crop adapted to the Upper Midwest. Its seeds contain high levels of gamma linolenic acid, a heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acid and a substitute for fish oil. Borage is attractive to many types of pollinators. Photo by Jim Eklund

How much crop residue is needed to maintain soil health? We are working with farmers to determine the amount of residue that can be removed for biofuel without damaging the soil to help farmers maintain productivity for generations. Photo by Kathy Eystad.

Seeds of cuphea contain valuable oils comprised of medium chain fatty acids, useful for cosmetics and other bioproducts. These plants provide agroecosystem services, such as active visitation and resource use by pollinating insects like this honey bee. Photo by Jim Eklund.