Leafhopper_Checklist

Checklist of Leafhopper Species 1758-1955 

Abstract

The species classification and synonymy of the Catalogue of the Homoptera Fascicle 6 are revised to conform with the current International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. This 516-page abridgment of Fascicle 6 includes a new 104-page index. The original 7,041-page catalogue covered all citations, on all subjects, to the 11,007 leafhopper species described from 1758-1955, and is still the starting point for all taxonomic research on Cicadellidae. The present checklist is disseminated electronically to broaden access to the information. Current country-level distribution of each species is also given, usually based on the localities listed in the original catalogue. The index to species is provided so that useful hardcopies of this checklist can be printed, which is encouraged.

 

Introduction

To obtain information and communicate effectively, it is essential that everyone use the same name for a given species. Without periodic, updated checklists, the scattered nature of extensive changes severely impedes access to the valid names and therefore to all other information stored in the literature. It also impedes research and can lead to duplication of effort.

The Catalogue of the Homoptera, covering all literature from 1758 through 1955, is and will always be the starting point for research on Auchenorrhyncha. Unfortunately, the catalogue is long out of print and some sections are now difficult to obtain. McKamey (1998) updated Fascicle 1, the treehoppers (then Membracoidea; currently membracoid families Membracidae, Aetalionidae, and Melizoderidae). A database is underway on Fascicle 4, the planthoppers (Fulgoroidea) (Bourgoin et al. 2000; http://flow.snv.jussieu.fr). Selected other important WWW-based projects on Auchenorrhyncha can be found through the TYMBAL website (Fletcher 2000; https://tymbal.org/).

Fascicle 6 of the Catalogue of the Homoptera (Metcalf 1962a, 1962b, 1962c, 1962d, 1963a, 1963b, 1963c, 1963d, 1964b, 1965a, 1965b, 1966a, 1966b, 1966c, 1966d, 1967a, 1967b, 1967c, 1968a) dealt with the leafhoppers (then Cicadelloidea; currently membracoid families Cicadellidae and Myerslopiidae). In 1955, Cicadellidae, the largest hemipteran family, included 9,673 valid species. Oman et al. (1990) provided a thorough bibliography and checklist of genera described through 1985.

The area in greatest need of updating is leafhopper species. Since 1955, the cut-off date of Z.P. Metcalf's catalogue, the number of described leafhopper species has doubled and approximately 25% of all species names have been revised due to changes in specific or generic synonymy. However, there is no compilation of these changes. A modern database is sorely needed so that additions and changes since 1956 can be stored, updated, and accessed easily.

Such a database is being developed for leafhoppers and is well underway. The Catalogue of the Homoptera was the logical starting point for this endeavor. Consequently, although the first products with post-1955 information will be available in a few years, an abridged electronic version of the Catalogue of the Homoptera Fascicle 6 classification is presented here. Status reports on the progress of the up-to-date database will be posted on the TYMBAL website (see above).

Below, the 7,041-page Catalogue of the Homoptera Fascicle 6, containing 11,007 available names, is condensed down to a 412-page synonymical species checklist with country level distribution data inferred from localities given by Metcalf unless noted otherwise. The taxa are arranged alphabetically by genus and species, irrespective of the higher classification, which is now largely out-of-date (Oman et al. 1990 provided a more recent higher classification). The Metcalf catalogue page citation is given for each name. In Metcalf's catalogue, species were sometimes listed twice, either as nominotypical subspecies or, in a few instances, unintentional duplicate listings or separate citations for the male and female. In this checklist, such species are listed only once, although both pages in Metcalf's catalogue are cited. Not surprisingly, some nomenclatural practices followed by Metcalf were not in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, first published years after Metcalf's death but before publication of his catalogue. For example, some of the 'obvious misspellings' in the original descriptions of species names must be treated as the correct original spellings. Also, new replacement names compete in priority with their own author and date, rather than the date of the name they replaced. In the checklist below, the synonymy of Metcalf's catalogue is therefore sometimes changed to bring it into alignment with the current International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999).

The original combination of every name can be unambiguously inferred from the synonymy listing. Nevertheless, it is not always straightforward for subspecies that are valid and have changed status since their description. Explanation by example is given below.

The first entry below shows a subspecies that was originally described as such. The second entry below is for a subspecies that was originally described as a full species, as Ciccuscinctipes. The third entry below shows a subspecies that was originally described under a different nominate species, as Cicadella gothica atra. The last entry below shows a species that was originally described as a subspecies, as Cicadella hieroglyphica inscripta.

Teletusa excavata atra Melichar

     Teletusa excavata atra Melichar 1925a: 345 [n.subsp. of excavata]; Metcalf 1965a, 6(1): 525 [Cat.]

Teletusa excavata cinctipes (Walker)

     Ciccus cinctipes Walker 1851b: 803 [n.sp.]; Metcalf 1965a, 6(1): 525 [Cat.]

Neokolla hieroglyphica atra (Barber)

     Cicadella hieroglyphica atra Barber 1921b: 130 [n.subsp. of gothica]; Metcalf 1965a, 6(1): 277 [Cat.]

Neokolla inscripta (Olsen)

     Cicadella inscripta Olsen 1922a: 362 [n.subsp. of heiroglyphica]; Metcalf 1965a, 6(1): 277 [Cat.]

Papers are cited by author, year, and key letter, corresponding to the key letters given in the bibliography (Metcalf 1964a). Limited numbers of the bibliography are still available upon request to the above address. An electronic version of Metcalf's bibliography of the Auchenorrhyncha is being prepared at North Carolina State University and will be posted on the NCSU Libraries website (https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/).

The 104-page index of species and subspecies is essentially the same as provided for the catalogue (Burnside 1971) except that it usually lists the original spellings even when Metcalf treated them as 'obvious misspellings,' as mentioned above.

As with any work of this detail, it is difficult to eliminate all errors. I would appreciate notification of any errors so that they can be corrected. Other comments, and reprints of recent papers for inclusion in the contemporary database in progress, are always welcome.

Acknowledgments

The majority of the data was initially input as part of a planned USDA/ARS Systematic Entomology Laboratory's project on the insects of North America. This project was variously headed by R.W. Poole, R.W. Hodges, and T.J. Henry and the data on Homoptera largely input by A.L. Hicks. M.A Touchet transcribed and input the distribution information. Data was managed using the BIOTA software by Colwell (1996). L.L. Deitz and M.A. Solis made helpful suggestions on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Encouragement for this checklist from L.L. Deitz, C.H. Dietrich, K.G.A. Hamilton, M.W. Nielson, and others provided the inspiration and motivation to put in the time and care needed to assure detailed accuracy for such a project.

References

Bourgoin, T. et al. 2000. FLOW: Fulgoromorpha Lists On the Web. Laboratoire Classification, Evolution et Syst?matique, Universit? Pierre et Marie Curie -Paris. URL: http://flow.snv.jussieu.fr

Burnside, V.W[ade]. 1971. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle VI. Cicadelloidae. Index to Genera and Species with Addenda and Corrigenda to Parts 1-17. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. 269 pp.

Colwell, R.K. 1996. Biota: The Biodiversity Database Manager. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland. Massachusetts. xxv + 574 pp.

Fletcher, M.J. 2000. TYMBAL, the Auchenorrhyncha Website. ASCU, Orange Agricultural Institute, NSW Agriculture. URL: https://tymbal.org/

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4^th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London. xxix + 306 pp.

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Metcalf, Z.P. 1967b. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle VI. Cicadelloidea. Part 10. Section II. Euscelidae. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. pp. 1078-2074.

Metcalf, Z.P. 1967c. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle VI. Cicadelloidea. Part 10. Section III. Euscelidae. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. pp. 2075-2695.

Metcalf, Z.P. 1968a. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle VI. Cicadelloidea. Part 17. Cicadellidae. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. 1513 pp.

Oman, P.W., W.J. Knight & M.W. Nielson. 1990. Leafhoppers (Cicadellidae): a Bibliography, Generic Check-list and Index to the World Literature 1956-1985. CAB International Institute of Entomology, Wallingford, UK. [iv] + 368 pp.