ARS | Publication request: Introduction of Exotic Natural Enemies of Invasive Insect Pests in the USA: Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) as a current example

Submitted to: Korean Society of Applied Entomology and National Plant Quarantine Services
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: October 8, 2007
Publication Date: October 18, 2007
Citation: Hoelmer, K.A., Hopper, K.R. 2007. Introduction of Exotic Natural Enemies of Invasive Insect Pests in the USA: Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) as a current example. Proceedings, International Symposium on Plant Quarantine & Exotic Insect Pest Management. Korean Society of of Applied Entomology & National Plant Quarantine Services of Korea, 18-19 October, 2007, YangPyeong, Korea. Pp 93-105.

Technical Abstract: Classical biological control was largely self-regulated until APHIS developed procedures in the 1950’s for permitting importations and field releases of exotic natural enemies. Contemporary doubts regarding the adequacy of these procedures and the potential for impacts on non-target organisms have led to a tightening of regulations and procedures for new importations and field releases. The importation of natural enemies into the USA presently requires a permit from APHIS, issued in consultation with states, and requires their delivery to approved quarantine facilities. This proceedings paper briefly reviews current procedures mandated by APHIS for importing new arthropod biocontrol agents, and the type of research required for obtaining permission for their eventual field release. The procedures followed in evaluating exotic Asian parasitoids of soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, are discussed as a current example of a host-specificity evaluation in a classical biological control program. Procedures reviewed include native range studies in Asia, importation of field-collected material into US quarantines, screening for host specificity and efficacy against the target, and the present status of field releases.