ARS | Publication request: Mineral, fatty acid, and flavonoid content in a subset of plant introductions from the pulse species, Macrotyloma uniflorum.

Submitted to: ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: April 26, 2011
Publication Date: October 16, 2011
Citation: Morris, J.B., Grusak, M.A., Tonnis, B.D., Wang, M.L. 2011. Mineral, fatty acid, and flavonoid content in a subset of plant introductions from the pulse species, Macrotyloma uniflorum.. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts. San Antonio, TX (Oct. 16-19, 2011).

Technical Abstract: Horsegram, Macrotyloma uniflorum is an underutilized legume used as a pulse vegetable. The USDA, ARS, PGRCU conserves 36 horsegram accessions from countries worldwide. To determine if horsegram contains variable amounts of dietary minerals, fatty acids, and health enhancing nutraceuticals including flavonoids for humans, 8 to 22 diverse horsegram accessions were grown at the USDA, ARS, PGRCU research farm in Griffin, GA. Seed from eight horsegram accessions were evaluated for mineral, fatty acid, flavonoid, and isoflavonoid variability during 2009. Approximately 22 horsegram accessions were grown out during 2010 for further analysis. Macronutrient concentrations from 8 horsegram accessions ranged from 1.20 - 3.13 mg/g (Ca), 13.06 - 14.61 mg/g (K), 1.64 - 1.73 mg/g (Mg), 3.83 - 4.43 mg/g (P), and 1.85 - 2.46 mg/g (S) in 2009. Micronutrient concentrations ranged from 10.28 - 13.16 µg/g (Cu), 68.25 - 92.95 µg/g (Fe), 31.26 - 59.85 µg/g (Mn), 1.04 - 1.33 µg/g (Ni), and 29.24 - 38.13 µg/g (Zn) in 2009. Seed from 18 horsegram accessions were evaluated for fatty acids. Fatty acids ranged from 0.37 - 0.75 % (14:0), 21.56 - 27.19 % (16:0), 1.75 - 2.41 % (18:0), 7.19 - 17.12 % (18:1), 40.02 - 47.66 % (18:2), 9.78 - 15.68 % (18:3), 0.40 - 0.63 % (20:0), 0 - 0.37 % (20:1), 1.74 - 2.79 % (22:0), and 1.10 - 2.07 % (24:0) in 2009. Flavonoid content will be determined from the seed harvested in 2009 also. Mineral, flavonoid, and fatty acid content will also be determined from the horsegram seed harvested in 2010 as well. Sufficient variability for several minerals, fatty acids, and flavonoids exists in horsegram for use in breeding programs or as a new cultivated legume for sub-tropical and tropical regions throughout the world.