Soil, Water, and Air Resources Research Unit Site Logo
ARS Home About Us Helptop nav spacerContact Us En Espanoltop nav spacer
Printable VersionPrintable Version     E-mail this pageE-mail this page
Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture
Search
  Advanced Search
 
Programs and Projects
Subjects of Investigation
 

Research Project: BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES INFLUENCING FORMATION AND STABILIZATION OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER AND SOIL STRUCTURE

Location: Soil, Water, and Air Resources Research Unit

Title: Prediction of Hydraulic Conductivity as Related to Pore Size Distribution in Unsaturated Soils

Authors
item Amer, Abdel-Monem - MENOUFIA UNIV., EGYPT
item Logsdon, Sally
item Davis, Dedrick - IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Soil Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: July 14, 2009
Publication Date: September 4, 2009
Citation: Amer, A.M., Logsdon, S.D., Davis, D. 2009. Prediction of Hydraulic Conductivity as Related to Pore Size Distribution in Unsaturated Soils. Soil Science. 174(9):508-515.

Interpretive Summary: Soil water and gas exchange occur in soil pores (holes or voids), and depend on the size, shape, and continuity of the pores. This study calculated how fast water moves through soil depending on the size of soil pores. The non-swelling sandy soils had a higher fraction of large pores and a lower fraction of small pores compared with clay soils. For silty soils (flour-size particles), the calculated rate of water flow matched the measured rate. This information is important for scientists who need to predict water flow rates in soils with different size pores and different size particles.

Technical Abstract: Soil pore volume as well as pore size, shape, type (i.e. biopore versus crack), continuity, and distribution in soil affect soil water and gas exchange. Vertical and lateral drainage of water by gravitational forces occurs through large, non-capillary soil pores, but redistribution and upward movement of water occurs through capillary soil pores. The purpose of this study was to develop equations to describe unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in relation to soil pore size, and to test on another data set. Three soils with three depths each were used to develop the concepts, based on water retention curve, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and bulk density measured from undisturbed cores. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was determined from undisturbed columns of silt loam soils using instanteous profile method based on evaporation rather than drainage. Predicted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was point-based rather than curve-based. The non-swelling sandy loam soil had quite different predicted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity than the saline and non-saline clay soils. The predicted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was in the vicinity of the measured data from the silt loam columns, but the overall RMSE was 1.042 for log-transformed data. The point-based unsaturated hydraulic conductivity equations were useful for fine-textured soil, and incorporated flow reduction in dry soil due to sorbed water, as well as enhanced flow through large pores at the wet end.

   

 
Project Team
Hatfield, Jerry
Karlen, Douglas - Doug
Olk, Daniel - Dan
 
Publications
   Publications
 
Related National Programs
  Soil Resource Management (202)
  Water Availability and Water Management (211)
 
 
Last Modified: 05/20/2013
ARS Home | USDA.gov | Site Map | Policies and Links 
FOIA | Accessibility Statement | Privacy Policy | Nondiscrimination Statement | Information Quality | USA.gov | White House