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Title: Validation of a web-based questionnaire to assess the dietary intake of Brazilian children aged 7-10 years

Author
item DAVIES, VANESSA - University Of Santa Catarina
item KUPEK, E - University Of Santa Catarina
item DE ASSIS, M - University Of Santa Catarina
item NATAL, S - University Of Santa Catarina
item DI PIETRO, P - University Of Santa Catarina
item BARANOWSKI, TOM - Children'S Nutrition Research Center (CNRC)

Submitted to: Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/1/2014
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: The Food Intake and Physical Activity of School Children (CAAFE) computerized self-report questionnaire was tested among 7- to 11-year-old children in Brazil. Observation of intake at school was used to test the accuracy of child report the following day. Errors commonly occurred (52%), especially among the 2nd grade students and for morning snacks. No differences in error rates were found between boys and girls, or between heavier and lighter children. Some modifications are needed to improve measurement using the CAAFE.

Technical Abstract: The Food Intake and Physical Activity of School Children (CAAFE) comprises an online questionnaire to self-report diet and physical activity of Brazilian schoolchildren. The present study aimed to assess the validity (matches, omissions, and intrusions) and moderating factors of the CAAFE. Direct observation was made of foods consumed (five public schools) and child self-reporting on the CAAFE. Additional data included school grade, gender, body mass index, completion of food diary, socioeconomic status, and access to computer. Data were analysed using regression. In total, 602 children participated in the study [mean (SD) age 9.5 (1.24) years; 53.6% boys]. On average, there were 43% matches, 29% intrusions and 28% omissions. Matches doubled in third grade compared to the second grade (P = 0.004); matches almost tripled for afternoon snack compared to morning snack (P < 0.001); and matches were 69% higher for children with access to a computer at home (P < 0.01). Intrusions decreased by almost one-half in fifth compared to fourth grades (P = 0.004). Omissions declined significantly in the third and fourth grades but increased in the fifth grade. Omissions were 47% lower for children in the highest income and lower among children who completed the food diary. No differences were found for gender or body mass index. Children older than 8 years old, who owned a computer and completed a food diary, performed better in the CAAFE. A high incidence of disagreement was found in relation to the schools and the type of meal. Overall matches (43%), intrusions (29%), and omissions (28%) indicate that further studies are required to improve the validity of the CAAFE.