Technical Abstract: Economic outcomes of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation options are reviewed including reductions in tillage intensity, diversifying crop rotation, and N fertilizer management. The review indicates that, while reducing tillage can be a cost effective GHG mitigation practice, results vary by region and within regions and can be sensitive to small changes in profitability or effects on C sequestration. There are often complex interactions among tillage, rotation, and fertilizer management that affect the economic performance of these practices and their GHG mitigation effects. Economic performance of these practices is also sensitive to changing market conditions. The rapid growth in bioenergy production has had a dramatic effect on agricultural markets and the relative profitability of agricultural management alternatives. The developing market for biomass could have even greater effects through bringing non-cropped land into crop production (extensive margin) and effects on crop production practices on existing cropland (intensive margin). While extensive margin effects have received much attention, the less studied effects on agricultural management practices at the intensive margin could have substantial GHG mitigation effects. Overall, better understanding of the impacts of the growing biofuels market is needed for assessing economic outcomes of GHG mitigation options in a bioenergy world.