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ARS Home » Plains Area » Houston, Texas » Children's Nutrition Research Center » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #314047
Title: Dietary rice bran supplementation prevents salmonella colonization differentially across varieties and by priming intestinal immunity

Author
item GOODYEAR, ANDREW - Colorado State University
item KUMAR, AJAY - Colorad0 State University
item EHRHART, EUGENE - Colorado State University
item SWANSON, KELLY - University Of Illinois
item Grusak, Michael
item LEACH, JAN - Colorad0 State University
item DOW, STEVEN - Colorado State University
item McClung, Anna
item RYAN, ELIZABETH - Colorado State University

Submitted to: Journal of Functional Foods
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/27/2015
Publication Date: 9/14/2015
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/62202
Citation: Goodyear, A., Ehrhart, E.J., Swanson, K.S., Grusak, M.A., Leach, J.E., Dow, S.W., McClung, A.M., Ryan, E. 2015. Dietary rice bran supplementation prevents salmonella colonization differentially across varieties and by priming intestinal immunity. Journal of Functional Foods. 18:653-664.

Interpretive Summary: Rice is an important staple food crop that is usually consumed in a polished form. The polishing of rice removes the bran layer, creating a by-product (bran) that is typically discarded. However, rice bran contains a number of components that have been shown to have antimicrobial potential. Thus, rice bran could offer benefits as a food-based approach in the prevention of bacterial diseases, such as Salmonella, which can cause diarrhea. In this study, we assessed whether bran from different rice varieties were more or less able to reduce Salmonella infection in the guts of mice. Mice were fed diets containing bran from different rice varieties and then were given an oral dose of Salmonella bacteria. All rice brans had a protective effect, but some varieties were more protective than others were. We also analyzed minerals, vitamins, fiber, and fatty acids to see if any of the protective differences across varieties could be explained by differences in these components of the bran. Better protection against Salmonella was associated with higher levels of boron, soluble fiber, vitamin E, and certain fatty acids. These results highlight the differential capacity of rice bran varieties to inhibit Salmonella infection and emphasize the role that diet can play in minimizing diseases of the gut.

Technical Abstract: The global burden of enteric dysfunction and diarrhoeal disease remains a formidable problem that requires novel interventions. This study investigated the immune-modulatory capacity of bran across rice varieties with phytochemical differences. 129SvEvTac mice were fed a 10% rice bran or control diet followed by infection with Salmonella enterica. Faecal shedding titres were quanti'ed and 'ow cytometry was used to investigate intestinal immunity. The largest protection against Salmonella colonization was observed with IAC600 variety. Reduced faecal shedding correlated with increased levels of boron, soluble 'bre, vitamin E isomers, and fatty acids. IAC600 and Red Wells rice bran modulated small intestinal neutrophils, macrophages, interdigitating dendritic cells, CD8+, gamma-delta, and regulatory T cells, as well as CD8+ and gamma-delta T cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Rice bran is a promising functional food and merits evaluation for the prevention of Salmonella colonization and regulation of intestinal immunity in people.