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Title: Identification and characterization of indole and oxindole alkaloids from leaves of mitragyna speciosa korth using liquid chromatography-accurate QToF mass spectrometry

Author
item BHARATHI, AVULA - University Of Mississippi
item SATYANARAYANARAJU, SAGI - University Of Mississippi
item YAN-HONG, WANG - University Of Mississippi
item MEI, WANG - University Of Mississippi
item ALI, ZULFIQAR - University Of Mississippi
item SMILLIE, TROY - University Of Mississippi
item ZWEIGENBAUM, JERRY - University Of Mississippi
item KHAN, IKHLAS - University Of Mississippi

Submitted to: Journal of AOAC International
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/13/2014
Publication Date: 1/15/2015
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/62345
Citation: Bharathi, A., Satyanarayanaraju, S., Yan-Hong, W., Mei, W., Ali, Z., Smillie, T.J., Zweigenbaum, J., Khan, I.A. 2015. Identification and characterization of indole and oxindole alkaloids from leaves of mitragyna speciosa korth using liquid chromatography-accurate QToF mass spectrometry. Journal of AOAC International. 98(1):13-21.

Interpretive Summary: Alkaloids are the major and active constituents of Mitragyna speciosa. UHPLC-QToF-MS method was developed for the characterization and identification of 12 indole/oxindole alkaloids from leaves of 18 plant samples. The fragmentation patterns of reference standards were studied and the method offered more information about the chemical constituents of M. speciosa where the alkaloids were identified and characterized according to retention times and mass spectra. Chemometrics analysis was performed to discriminate between the various samples of M. speciosa which can be used to evaluate the quality of market products purported to contain M. speciosa.

Technical Abstract: Alkaloids have been reported to be the major physiologically active constituents in Mitragyna. An analytical method was developed to provide an alternative, fast method for characterization of alkaloids from various Mitragyna speciosa samples. The separation was achieved using a reversed phase (C-8) column, MS detection, and a water/acetonitrile with formic acid gradient as the mobile phase. The fragmentation patterns of reference standards were studied and the method offered more information about the chemical constituents of M. speciosa where the alkaloids were identified and characterized according to retention times and mass spectra. UHPLC-QToF-MS analysis and characterization was performed on twelve corynanthe-type indole/oxindole alkaloids obtained from the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa Kroth. The indoles and oxindoles having an open E ring with or without substitution occurring at the C-9 position. The full-scan mass spectrum of alkaloids showed a strong signal for the protonated molecule [M+H]+. The product ion spectrum of mitragynine type of alkaloids showed strong response at m/z = 174.0901 suggestive of an ion containing an odd number of nitrogen atoms corresponding to formula C11H12NO which was characteristic of indole alkaloids. A multivariate statistical analysis technique, that is, principle component analysis (PCA) was used to discriminate between the M. speciosa samples. The results indicated that the analytical method is suitable for quality control test of various Mitragyna 2 commercial samples and can be used to evaluate market products purported to contain M. speciosa.