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Title: A combination in-ovo vaccine for avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus

Author
item STEEL, J - MT SINAI SCHL OF MEDICINE
item BURMAKINA, V - MT SINAI SCHL OF MEDICINE
item Thomas, Colleen
item Spackman, Erica
item GARCIA-SASTRE, A - MT SINAI SCHL OF MEDICINE
item Swayne, David
item PALESE, P - MT SINAI SCHL OF MEDICINE

Submitted to: Vaccine
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/15/2007
Publication Date: 12/3/2007
Citation: Steel, J., Burmakina, V., Thomas, C., Spackman, E., Garcia-Sastre, A., Swayne, D.E., Palese, P. 2008. A combination in-ovo vaccine for avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus. Vaccine. 26:522-531.

Interpretive Summary: The protection of poultry from H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can be achieved through vaccination, as part of a broader disease control strategy. A novel vaccine virus was developed using part of an influenza virus and part of a NDV. The vaccine, when given to chicks while incubating in the egg (i.e. in ovo vaccination), protected the hatched chicks from both H5N1 HPAI and NDV challenge. This vaccine also protected mice from deadly challenge by H5N1 HPAI virus. We propose that this virus has potential as a safe in-ovo live, attenuated, bivalent avian influenza virus and NDV vaccine.

Technical Abstract: The protection of poultry from H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can be achieved through vaccination, as part of a broader disease control strategy. We have previously generated a recombinant influenza virus expressing; (i) an H5N1 hemagglutinin protein, modified by the removal of the polybasic cleavage peptide and (ii) the ectodomain of the NDV hemagglutinin – neuraminidase (HN) protein in the place of the ectodomain of influenza neuraminidase [1]. Here we show this virus is attenuated in primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cell culture, was shown to protect C57BL/6 mice from lethal challenge with an H5 HA-containing influenza virus through immunisation. In addition, in-ovo vaccination of 18-day-old embryonated chicken eggs provided 90% and 80% protection against highly stringent lethal challenge by NDV and H5N1 virus respectively. We propose that this virus has potential as a safe in-ovo live, attenuated, bivalent avian influenza and Newcastle disease virus vaccine.