Author
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Szogi, Ariel |
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Submitted to: Meeting Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings Publication Acceptance Date: 2/4/2015 Publication Date: 2/24/2015 Citation: Szogi, A.A. 2015. Nutrient recovery technologies from animal manure. Proceedings of the Manure Summit, February 24-25, 2015, Green Bay, Wisconsin. Interpretive Summary: Animal manures have been a traditional source of nutrients in agriculture. However, disposal of animal manure has become an environmental problem in recent times as a result of intensification of animal production. Manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) applied in excess of the assimilative capacity of the land have the potential, through soil leaching or runoff losses, to reach and pollute water resources. In modern agriculture, conservation and recovery of N and P is also a concern because of the high cost and supply of commercial fertilizers, particularly P which is extracted from mineral deposits. Therefore, N and P recovery methods are necessary to reduce their excess prior to manure soil application and recover them as valuable products. In the United States, federal and state regulations require confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) to implement a comprehensive nutrient management plan (CNMP) to land apply manure nutrients in an environmentally safe manner. Animal manures are usually a mixture of feces, urine, discarded bedding, and waste feed, but with variable water content. Therefore, some manure treatment technologies can be more suitable than others to handle manure depending on if they are in solid, semi-solid, slurry or liquid forms. Technologies such as anaerobic digestion, lagoon treatment, composting and pelletizing are being used in manure management systems for reducing the volume of organic matter, pathogen content, and malodors. Although these technologies do more to reduce environmental pollution than the traditional land application of untreated manure, additional treatment methods are required to improve the performance of manure management systems to meet on-farm nutrient reduction goals. In this context, the presentation will feature new technologies developed at United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Florence, for extraction and recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from animal manures and their potential use for reducing the environmental impact of nutrient pollution. Technical Abstract: Animal manures have been a traditional source of nutrients in agriculture. However, disposal of animal manure has become an environmental problem in recent times as a result of intensification of animal production. Manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) applied in excess of the assimilative capacity of the land have the potential, through soil leaching or runoff losses, to reach and pollute water resources. In modern agriculture, conservation and recovery of N and P is also a concern because of the high cost and supply of commercial fertilizers, particularly P which is extracted from mineral deposits. Therefore, N and P recovery methods are necessary to reduce their excess prior to manure soil application and recover them as valuable products. In the United States, federal and state regulations require confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) to implement a comprehensive nutrient management plan (CNMP) to land apply manure nutrients in an environmentally safe manner. Animal manures are usually a mixture of feces, urine, discarded bedding, and waste feed, but with variable water content. Therefore, some manure treatment technologies can be more suitable than others to handle manure depending on if they are in solid, semi-solid, slurry or liquid forms. Technologies such as anaerobic digestion, lagoon treatment, composting and pelletizing are being used in manure management systems for reducing the volume of organic matter, pathogen content, and malodors. Although these technologies do more to reduce environmental pollution than the traditional land application of untreated manure, additional treatment methods are required to improve the performance of manure management systems to meet on-farm nutrient reduction goals. In this context, the presentation will feature new technologies developed at United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Florence, for extraction and recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from animal manures and their potential use for reducing the environmental impact of nutrient pollution. |
