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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Little Rock, Arkansas » Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #253589
Title: Dietary intake, BMI and body composition of 5 year old children

Author
item ANDRES, ALINE - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item Badger, Thomas - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)

Submitted to: Annual Scientific Meeting NAASO, The Obesity Society
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/7/2010
Publication Date: 11/10/2010
Citation: Andres, A., Badger, T.M. 2010. Dietary intake, BMI and body composition of 5 year old children. Obesity. 18(S2):S168.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Dietary intake patterns, body mass index and body composition are all indicators of nutritional status in children. This study investigated these parameters in 5 y old children (N equals 71). Dietary intake patterns assessed using 3 d food records were analyzed with Nutrient Data System for Research (NDSR) software. Height and weight were obtained using standardized techniques. Body composition was obtained using dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) technology (QDR 4500 with discovery upgrade). Mean intake was higher than the RDA (1507 kcal/d vs. 1300 kcal/d). The prevalence of at risk for overweight (BMI greater than/equal to 85th and less than 95th on 2000 CDC growth charts) and overweight (BMI greater than/equal to 95th) children at 5 y were greater than expected (17 percent and 10 percent vs. 10 percent and 5 percent, respectively). This was explained by higher daily energy intake (105 kcal/d) and protein intake (plus 0.8 percent of kcal/d) compared to normal weight children. At risk of overweight and overweight children had significantly higher fat mass (28 percent and 33 percent) and lower fat free mass (70 percent and 64 percent) compared to normal weight children (23 percent and 76 percent) as measured by DXA. At risk for overweight and overweight children showed higher fat mass associated with increased energy intake and lower fat free mass despite increased protein intake. Importantly, bone mineral content was similar between normal weight and at risk for overweight or overweight children (0.46, 0.47 and 0.49 g/kg, respectively). These data suggest that fat mass does not necessarily predict bone mineralization in 5 y old children.