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Title: MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF A MELOIDOGYNE HAPLA POPULATION DAMAGING COFFEE (COFFEA ARABICA) IN MAUI, HAWAII

Author
item Skantar, Andrea
item Handoo, Zafar
item Carta, Lynn
item SCHMITT, D - RETIRED, UNIV. HAWAII

Submitted to: Society of Nematology Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/5/2004
Publication Date: 9/1/2004
Citation: Skantar, A.M., Handoo, Z.A., Carta, L.K., Schmitt, D.P. 2004. Morphological and molecular evaluation of a meloidogyne hapla population damaging coffee (coffea arabica) in maui, hawaii. J. Nematol. 36: 346.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Here we describe an unusual population of Meloidogyne hapla that causes significant damage to coffee on Maui, Hawaii. Earlier thought to be an undescribed species, this population represents the first report of M. hapla on coffee beyond that previously reported from Brazil. The Maui population caused large galls devoid of proliferating rootlets. Identification was verified by morphology, esterase isozyme pattern, and five DNA sequences: 28S ribosomal large subunit (LSU-D3), internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), intergenic spacer (IGS), the mitochondrial interval spanning from cytochrome oxidase II to 16S, and the nuclear gene Hsp90. Sequences for ITS1, IGS and mitochondrial genes were similar to other populations of M. hapla, and LSU-D3 revealed the presence of two haplotypes similar to sequences reported previously. Hsp90 DNA sequences from Hawaii and Maryland populations varied at only four nucleotides, but Hsp90 clearly distinguished this M. hapla from other Meloidogyne species. Twenty percent of perineal patterns had perpendicular lines atypical for the species. Female interphasmidial distance was relatively high, and anus to tail terminal distance was intermediate among five populations. The average length of juveniles from this Hawaiian population was considerably smaller than for most other populations of M. hapla. Populations sampled in summer and winter had significantly different juvenile body lengths. Tail lengths were different from type populations but similar to an atypical African population. Molecular and morphological features are discussed along with host range, cultivar, and biogeographical issues.