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Title: IDENTIFICATION OF NEMATODE-ANTAGONISTIC COMPOUNDS FROM FUNGI

Author
item Meyer, Susan
item NITAO, JAMES - POST-DOC, ARS, USDA
item Chitwood, David

Submitted to: Society of Nematology Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/25/2001
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Fungi that produce compounds antagonistic to plant-parasitic nematodes can be used as biocontrol agents or as sources for the active compounds. Fungus isolates (ca. 250) were tested for production of compounds active against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) and soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines). Fungi were cultured in potato dextrose broth (PDB), and biomass was removed by centrifugation and filtration. Nematode egg hatch in the filtrates was 2% to 224% of hatch in PDB controls. Juvenile mobility was inhibited by few of the filtrates. Active compounds were identified from two fungi. The compounds from Fusarium equiseti were the trichothecenes 4,15-diacetylnivalenol and diacetoxyscirpenol; trichothecenes are toxic to a number of organisms. The active agent from Chaetomium globosum was flavipin. These three compounds have previously been isolated from fungi, but this is their first reported activity against plant-parasitic nematodes. Flavipin solutions were applied at 0, 30, 60, and 120 micrograms/ml to Cucumis melo plants in greenhouse studies with M. incognita. The treatments did not suppress gall formation nor egg and J2 numbers.