Submitted to: Book Chapter
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/14/2016
Publication Date: 5/30/2017
Citation: Pechal, J.L., Benbow, M.E., Crippen, T.L. 2017. Sampling methods and data generation. In: Carter, D.O., Tomberlin, J.K., Benbow, M.E., Metcalf, J.L., editors. Forensic Science in Focus: Forensic Microbiology. 1st edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. p. 72-93.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The study of forensic microbiology is an inherent blend of forensic science and microbiology, and both disciplines have recently been undergoing rapid advancements in technology that are allowing for exciting new research avenues. The integration of two different disciplines poses challenges because experts in two different fields are required to become competent, if not proficient, in the conceptual and technical background, the tools for sampling, and data generation of the other discipline. For instance, most microbiologists have not been trained in how to approach death scenes or interpret data within a forensic context. Likewise, forensic scientists often have not received in-depth training in classical microbiology or the recent molecular advances that are somewhat revolutionizing these fields. Therefore, this chapter provides an introduction to sampling methods and data generation that are an integration of techniques from laboratory-based microbiology, field and environmental microbial ecology, and considerations within a forensic context. The focus of this chapter is on the methods and approaches for collecting, processing, analyzing, and the handling of samples and data related to microbial communities associated with the decomposition of carrion/human remains. While many important topics are covered concerning sampling methods and data generation, this chapter is not comprehensive, but rather serves as an introduction of the basic principles necessary for research in forensic microbiology. For additional information on specific methodologies related to forensic microbiology, please see other chapters [e.g., microbiology at autopsy or within the built environment] which covers more detailed surveys of sampling and data generation methods.