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Title: Evaluation of triticale accessions for resistance to wheat bacterial leaf streak caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa

Author
item SAPKOTA, SURAJ - North Dakota State University
item ZHANG, QIJUN - North Dakota Department Of Agriculture
item CHITTEM, KISHORE - North Dakota State University
item MERGOUM, MOHAMED - University Of Georgia
item Xu, Steven
item LIU, ZHAOHUI - North Dakota State University

Submitted to: Plant Pathology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/19/2017
Publication Date: 11/10/2017
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/5898585
Citation: Sapkota, S., Zhang, Q., Chittem, K., Mergoum, M., Xu, S.S., Liu, Z. 2017. Evaluation of triticale accessions for resistance to wheat bacterial leaf streak caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa. Plant Pathology. 67:595-602. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12768.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12768

Interpretive Summary: Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Xtu), is a common disease in both bread wheat and durum wheat worldwide. Recently, BLS has emerged as an important disease in the Upper Midwest region of the Unites States. However, sources of resistance to BLS are very limited in durum and bread wheat. To identify useful sources of BLS resistance for wheat improvement, we evaluated a worldwide collection of 502 triticale lines as well as the major hard red spring and durum wheat cultivars for reaction to two Xtu strains BLS-LB10 and BLS-P3 collected in North Dakota. Evaluation data showed that all the wheat cultivars had a susceptible reaction but the triticale accessions exhibited a wide range of reactions. Out of the 502 triticale accessions, 45 and 10 accessions were highly resistant to BLS-LB10 and BLS-P3, respectively, with five accessions, 8A-95, 8A-312, 6A-405, M86-6121, and T-M-AD-252, being highly resistant to both strains. It was observed that bacterial population growth in triticale accessions was highly correlated with the level of resistance. The identified resistant triticale accessions will be valuable in the development of wheat germplasm with high levels of BLS resistance.

Technical Abstract: The bacterium Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Xtu) causes bacterial leaf streak (BLS) on wheat and other small grains. Several triticale accessions were reported to possess high levels of resistance to wheat Xtu strains. In this study, we evaluated a worldwide collection of 502 triticale accessions as well as the major hard red spring and durum wheat cultivars for reaction to two North Dakota Xtu strains. All the wheat cultivars tested showed a susceptible reaction but a wide range of reactions were observed among triticale accessions. Out of the 502 accessions tested, 45 and 10 accessions were highly resistant to the two strains BLS-LB10 and BLS-P3, respectively, with five accessions, 8A-95, 8A-312, 6A-405, M86-6121, and T-M-AD-252, being highly resistant to both strains. Statistical analysis showed significant difference present among the accessions, strains, and the accession by strain interaction (P < .0001). Bacterial population growth in triticale accessions was highly correlated with the level of resistance. Molecular cytogenetic characterization in four representative triticale accessions confirmed the hexaploid level of the species and the presence of rye chromosomes. The identified resistant triticale accessions will be valuable in the development of wheat germplasm with high levels of BLS resistance.