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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Urbana, Illinois » Soybean/maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #99352
Title: CHINESE ORIGIN OF SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE

Author
item Noel, Gregory
item LIU, ZONGLIN - UNIV OF ILLINOIS

Submitted to: National Soybean Cyst Nematode Conference
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/7/1999
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, was first observed in China and Japan about 1880. In 1955 SCN was reported for the first time in the United States when it was found in a soybean field in North Carolina. In 1965 infestations also were identified in several states in the central Mississippi Valley. Research has shown that SCN could not have spread so widely and increased to produce visible symptoms within 10 years. Did these populations result from recent introductions into the United States or is SCN native to North America? The founder effect is a well established evolutionary phenomenon in which colonizing populations that arise from progenitor populations exhibit reduced heterozygosity and reduced genetic variability, including loss of rare alleles. Individual females from 19 populations of H. glycines from China, Japan, and the United States were analyzed for esterase allozyme polymorphism. Four putative loci, est-1, est-2, est-3, and est-4, were identified, having one, one, two, and one allele, respectively. The four loci expressed six genotypes in the four Chinese populations. Loci est-2, est-3, and est-4 were identified in five Japanese populations and expressed five genotypes, whereas only loci est-2 and est-3 were identified in 10 populations from the United States and expressed four genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (PAUP) was utilized to determine relationships among the 19 populations. More loci and alleles in populations from China and phylogenetic similarities among populations from Japan and the United States are consistent with a founder effect resulting from dissemination of progenitor H. glycines from China to Japan and subsequent introductions of founder populations from Japan to the United States.