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Title: STRUCTURE AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF EXPERIMENTAL FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE AND POLIOMYELITIS VACCINES

Author
item TWOMEY, TRACI - YALE UNIVERSITY
item NEWMAN, JOHN - YALE UNIVERSITY
item Burrage, Thomas
item PIATTI, PATRICIA - 1940-01-05
item LUBROTH, JUAN - FADDL, GREENPORT, NY
item BROWN, FRED - YALE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Vaccine
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/17/1995
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: For the preparation of inactivated vaccines, such as the current foot- and-mouth disease vaccines and the Salk polio vaccine, two conditions must be realized. The product must be able to be given without causing unwanted side effects and it must protect against disease. This paper describes the action of two different chemicals, an imine (acetyletyleneimine) and formaldehyde, on the genetic material and proteins of the two viruses. Data from this experiment show that the imine inactivation alters the structure of the viruses far less than formaldehyde and is more effective in its ability to completely kill the virus, thus making the vaccine safe.

Technical Abstract: The methods used for inactivation of viruses for vaccine production must ensure that the product is innocuous and that they retain their immunizing properties. Three inactivants, formaldehyde, neutral red and acetylethyleneimine have been compared for their ability to inactivate the viruses. Both neutral red and the imine degrade, the RNA in foot- and-mouth disease virus. The imine also destroys the RNA in poliovirus but neutral red does not affect it because it cannot penetrate the shell of the virus. In contrast formaldehyde cross links the RNA and proteins of the two viruses, so that it has not proved possible to determine whether the RNA has been degraded. The immunizing activity of the viruses is retained with all three reagents.