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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Albany, California » Western Regional Research Center » Produce Safety and Microbiology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #428443
Research Project: Rapid Antemortem Tests for the Early Detection of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies and Other Animal Diseases

Location: Produce Safety and Microbiology Research

Title: VP2-targeted sandwich ELISA (sELISA) enables direct detection of Senecavirus A (SVA)

Author
item Hnasko, Robert
item Lin, Alice
item McGarvey, Jeffery

Submitted to: Journal of Virology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/15/2026
Publication Date: 5/12/2026
Citation: Hnasko, R.M., Lin, A.V., McGarvey, J.A. 2026. VP2-targeted sandwich ELISA (sELISA) enables direct detection of Senecavirus A (SVA). Journal of Virology. 100(6). Article e00571-26. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00571-26.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00571-26

Interpretive Summary: Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging virus that infects pigs resulting in a blister-like vesicular disease. Symptoms of SVA infection appear identical to those caused by more serious foreign animal diseases (FADs), necessitating USDA investigations to prevent the potential spread of these FADs that would severely impact the agricultural economy. SVA is becoming more common in US pig populations and is increasingly identified as the pathogen responsible for vesicular disease. In this report, we describe the development of the first test for the direct detection of SVA. This test should speed up SVA diagnosis and facilitate rapid reporting to minimize supply chain disruption from FAD investigations. In addition, these new SVA detection tools will further our understanding of SVA disease transmission resulting in improved biosecurity measures.

Technical Abstract: Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging swine virus that causes vesicular lesions on the snout and coronary bands of pigs that are clinically indistinguishable from other high-consequence transboundary viral vesicular diseases. These viral diseases are highly contagious and early detection of the etiological pathogen is necessary to limit their transmission and economic impact. In this manuscript, we describe the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the structural VP2 capsid protein of SVA and their development into the first sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sELISA) for the direct detection of SVA. Utilization of a sensitive and selective SVA immunoassay should aid in diagnostic differentiation of idiopathic vesicular disease in suspect animals and facilitate appropriate countermeasures.