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Research Project: Viral Ecology of Henipaviruses in Endemic Settings and Intervention Strategies to Prevent their Spread to Domestic Animals

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Title: Characterization of humoral responses to nipah virus infection in the Syrian hamster model of disease

Author
item SCHOLTE, FLORINE - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item SPIROPOULOU, CHRISTINA - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item RODRIGUEZ, SERGIO - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item DAVIES, KATHERINE - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE)
item GENZER, SARAH - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item COLEMAN-MCCRAY, JOANN - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item HARMON, JESSICA - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item SORVILLO, TERESA - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item LO, MICHAEL - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item WELCH, STEPHEN - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item KARASSLAN, ELIF - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item BERGERON, ERIC - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item MONTGOMERY, JOEL - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States
item SPENGLER, JESSICA - Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) - United States

Submitted to: Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/7/2023
Publication Date: 8/15/2024
Citation: Scholte, F.E., Spiropoulou, C.F., Rodriguez, S.E., Davies, K.A., Genzer, S.C., Coleman-Mccray, J.D., Harmon, J.R., Sorvillo, T.E., Lo, M.K., Welch, S.R., Karasslan, E., Bergeron, E., Montgomery, J.M., Spengler, J.R. 2024. Characterization of humoral responses to nipah virus infection in the Syrian hamster model of disease. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 230(2):438-443. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad557.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad557

Interpretive Summary: This paper describes how the immune response responds to Nipah virus. The authors showed that antivodies quickly developed to two portions of the virus including the protein found on the outside of the virus. Surprisingly most of the antibodies developed did not prevent the virus from entering cells.

Technical Abstract: Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus. The Syrian hamster model recapitulates key features of human NiV disease and is a critical tool for evaluating antivirals and vaccines. Here we describe longitudinal humoral immune responses in NiV-infected Syrian hamsters. Samples were obtained 1-28 days after infection and analyzed by ELISA, neutralization, and Fc-mediated effector function assays. NiV infection elicited robust antibody responses against the nucleoprotein and attachment glycoprotein. Levels of neutralizing antibodies were modest and only detectable in surviving animals. Fc-mediated effector functions were mostly observed in nucleoprotein-targeting antibodies. Antibody levels and activities positively correlated with challenge dose.