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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #419906
Research Project: Development of Peanut Cultivars or Germplasm with Improved Yield and Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Location: Crop Genetics and Breeding Research

Title: Recent technological advancements for identifying and exploiting novel sources of pest and disease resistance for peanut improvement

Author
item BISWAL, AKSHAYA - University Of Georgia
item OZIAS-AKINS, P - University Of Georgia
item Holbrook Jr, C

Submitted to: Agronomy
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/19/2024
Publication Date: 12/23/2024
Citation: Biswal, A.K., Ozias-Akins, P., Holbrook Jr, C.C. 2024. Recent technological advancements for identifying and exploiting novel sources of pest and disease resistance for peanut improvement. Agronomy. 14, 3071. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14123071.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14123071

Interpretive Summary: This review article explores the latest techniques and approaches used in peanut breeding for pest and disease resistance, focusing on the identification of resistance loci and their incorporation into peanut using marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic tools. In conclusion, recent technological advancements have significantly improved the efficiency and precision of peanut breeding for pest and disease resistance. These tools and approaches hold great promise for developing durable and sustainable resistance in peanut cultivars, ultimately benefiting peanut farmers and consumers globally.

Technical Abstract: Peanut, also known as groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), is an important oilseed and food crop globally, contributing significantly to the economy and food security. However, its productivity is often hampered by pests and diseases. Traditional breeding methods have been used to develop resistant cultivars, but these are often time-consuming and labor-intensive. Recent technological advancements have revolutionized the identification of novel resistance sources and the development of resistant peanut cultivars. This review explores the latest techniques and approaches used in peanut breeding for pest and disease resistance, focusing on the identification of resistance loci and their incorporation into peanut using marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic tools. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, bioinformatics pipelines, comparative genomics and transcriptomics have helped in identifying a plethora of candidate genes involved in pest resistance. However, peanut lags other cereal crops in terms of phenomics and precision genetic techniques. In conclusion, recent technological advancements have significantly improved the efficiency and precision of peanut breeding for pest and disease resistance. These tools and approaches hold great promise for developing durable and sustainable resistance in peanut cultivars, ultimately benefiting peanut farmers and consumers globally.