Location: Nutrition, Growth and Physiology
Title: Influence of maternal nutrition and one-carbon metabolites supplementation on bovine antimicrobial peptides in fetal and maternal tissuesAuthor
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DANESHI, MOJTABA - North Dakota State University |
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BOROWICZ, PAWEL - North Dakota State University |
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HIRCHERT, MARA - North Dakota State University |
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ENTZIE, YSSI - North Dakota State University |
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SYRING, JESSICA - North Dakota State University |
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KING, LAYLA - University Of Minnesota Crookston |
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SAFAIN, KAZI - North Dakota State University |
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ANAS, MUHAMMAD - North Dakota State University |
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REYNOLDS, LAWRENCE - North Dakota State University |
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WARD, ALISON - University Of Saskatchewan |
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DAHLEN, CARL - North Dakota State University |
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Crouse, Matthew |
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CATON, JOEL - North Dakota State University |
Submitted to: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 11/26/2024 Publication Date: 12/5/2024 Citation: Daneshi, M., Borowicz, P.P., Hirchert, M.R., Entzie, Y.L., Syring, J.G., King, L.E., Safain, K.S., Anas, M., Reynolds, L.P., Ward, A.K., Dahlen, C.R., Crouse, M.S., Caton, J.S. 2024. Influence of maternal nutrition and one-carbon metabolites supplementation on bovine antimicrobial peptides in fetal and maternal tissues. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 11. Article 1505427. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1505427. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1505427 Interpretive Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are diverse molecules that serve as a first-line host innate defense mechanism. One-carbon metabolites alter epigenetic pathways such as DNA methylation and histone modification that regulate the expression and production of AMP. The objective of this study was to determine whether nutrient restriction and one-carbon metabolite supplementation to the dam affected the development of AMP’s in the fetus, thereby developing models to begin to understand the roles of OCM in developing the fetal host innate immune system in cattle. This study determined that nutrient restriction does not affect AMP’s, but supplementing one-carbon metabolites reduces expression of AMP’s in fetal lung, mammary gland, and small intestine. These data suggest that supplementing one-carbon metabolites modulates AMP expression, most likely though anti-inflammatory effects, thereby affecting the fetal innate immune response to prevent disease and combat pathogens. Technical Abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of nutrient restriction and one-carbon metabolite (OCM) supplementation (folate, vitamin B12, methionine, and choline) on the mRNA expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMP), including ß-defensins and cathelicidins, in fetal and maternal lung, mammary gland, and small intestine. Twenty-nine crossbred Angus beef heifers were synchronized for estrus and artificially inseminated with female-sexed semen from a single sire. They were then randomly assigned to one of four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with the main factors being nutritional plane [control (CON) vs. restricted feed intake (RES)] and OCM supplementation [without OCM (-OCM) or with OCM (+OCM)]. Heifers on the CON diet were fed to achieve an average daily gain of 0.45 kg/day, aiming for 80% of their mature body weight by calving. Heifers on the RES diet were fed to lose 0.23 kg/day. Targeted heifer gain and OCM treatments were applied from day 0 to 63 of gestation, after which all heifers were fed a common diet targeting a 0.45 kg/day gain until day 161 of gestation, at which time the heifers were slaughtered, and samples were collected. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to assess the expression levels of AMP in the collected tissues. Nutritional plane had no effect (p >/= 0.24) on mRNA expression of AMP in either the fetus or dams. However, the mRNA expression of cathelicidin5 (CATHL5; p = 0.07) and bovine neutrophil ß-defensin5 (BNBD5; p = 0.07) in the fetal lung and mammary gland, respectively, was lower in the +OCM groups compared to the -OCM groups. In the maternal small intestine, the expression of enteric ß-defensin (EBD) was lower (p = 0.01) in the +OCM groups compared to the -OCM groups. Additionally, in the maternal lung, there was a tendency (p = 0.06) for an interaction in CATHL5 mRNA expression, with the RES +OCM group having greater expression compared to the CON + OCM (p = 0.07) and RES - OCM (p = 0.08) groups. Our findings suggest that while restricted maternal nutrition did not affect mRNA expression of AMP, OCM supplementation modulated AMP expression in both fetal and maternal tissues. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying OCM's impact on AMP expression. |