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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Pullman, Washington » WHGQ » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #415889
Research Project: Ecology and Genomics of Soilborne Pathogens, Beneficial Microbes, and the Microbiome of Wheat, Barley, and Biofuel Brassicas

Location: Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research

Title: Microbial communities and high trophic level nematodes in protected argan soil show strong suppressive effect against Meloidogyne spp.

Author
item OBIDARI, TAYEB - Ibn Zohr University
item WARDI, MARYEM - Ibn Zohr University
item ALAOUI, ILYASS FILALI - Ibn Zohr University
item BRAIMI, AMINA - Ibn Zohr University
item Paulitz, Timothy
item EL MOUSADIK, ABDELHAMID - Ibn Zohr University
item MAYAD, EL HASSAN - Ibn Zohr University

Submitted to: Global Ecology and Conservation
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/7/2024
Publication Date: 10/12/2024
Citation: Obidari, T., Wardi, M., Alaoui, I., Braimi, A., Paulitz, T.C., El Mousadik, A., Mayad, E. 2024. Microbial communities and high trophic level nematodes in protected argan soil show strong suppressive effect against Meloidogyne spp. Global Ecology and Conservation. 54. Article e03191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03191.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03191

Interpretive Summary: Soils from a protected argan national park in Morocco was compared to a conventional adjacent agriculture soil. Nematote communities and the bacterial and fungal microbiome were compared. In additon, soils were evaluated for their suppressiveness to the root knot nematode Meloidogyne. Soils from the protected area showed higher diversity of microbobes, higher trophic level of nematodes, and higher suppression to the root knot nematode on tomatoes

Technical Abstract: In many agroecosystems, soil suppressiveness to root knot nematodes (RKN) are of great interest to define the biological agents controlling population density, especially with growing concerns about environmental and human health impacts of chemicals. In this study, we evaluated suppressiveness to Meloidogyne spp. in two land use soils, a protected argania soil from the Souss Massa National Park (SMNP), Morocco, and a conventional soil from an adjacent non protected area. Using next-generation sequencing technology (NGS), we characterized the fungal and bacterial communities in these soils for the first time. Nematodes belonging to different trophic guilds were also analyzed to further understand how those communities may contribute to RKN suppressive soils. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse with tomato plants using untreated and autoclaved soils inoculated with 800 Meloidogyne J2. We found that omnivore-predator nematodes, structure and maturity indexes were higher in the protected soil. After sixty-seven days, the highest nematode suppression was recorded for untreated protected soil with a 79.6 % reduction in RKN population density and 81.5% reduction of the gall index. 1/2 autoclaved protected soil was also suppressive but not 3/4 and totally autoclaved soil. By contrast, conventional soil amplified RKN population by 1319%. More than 6770 bacterial (including archaeal) and 558 fungal taxa were detected in this study, with Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Mortierellales, Orbiliales, Agaricales, Diversisporales, and Pleosporales consistently associated with RKN suppression. Fungal diversity was higher in SMNP protected soil whereas bacterial taxonomic diversity was higher in conventional soil. Our data indicate that protected argan soils can serve as valuable source of biological agents for the sustainable management of phytoparasitc nematodes.