Identification and management of Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat and barley in Southeast Kazakhstan

Authors: KHARIPZHANOVA, AIDANA - Kazakh National Agrarian University; DUTBAYEV, YERLAN - Kazakh National Agrarian University; ERGINBAS-ORAKCI, GUL - International Maize & Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT); DABABAT, ABDELFATTAH - International Maize & Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT); KORKULU, SERIFE - Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University; AYDIN, SEVIM - Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University; Paulitz, Timothy; OZER, GOKSEL - Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University; BOZOGLU, T - Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University; ZHOLDOSHBEKOVA, SEZIM - Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University; SULTANOVA, NADIRA - Kazakh Research Institute Of Plant Protection And Quarantine; KOKHMETOVA, ALMA - Kazakh Research Institute Of Plant Protection And Quarantine

Submitted to: Brazilian Journal of Biology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/24/2024
Publication Date: 1/13/2025
Citation: Kharipzhanova, A., Dutbayev, Y., Erginbas-Orakci, G., Dababat, A.A., Korkulu, S.G., Aydin, S., Paulitz, T.C., Ozer, G., Bozoglu, T., Zholdoshbekova, S., Sultanova, N., Kokhmetova, A. 2025. Identification and management of Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat and barley in Southeast Kazakhstan. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 84. Article e288758. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.288758.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.288758

Interpretive Summary: A survey of wheat and barley was conducted in SE Kazakhstan. Bipolaris sorokiniana, common root rot, was the most prevelent pathogen. Chemical and biological seed treatments were tested, and showed promising results

Technical Abstract: Wheat and barley serve as significant nutrient-rich staples, extensively grown on a global scale spanning over 219 million hectares. The annual combined global yield stands at 760.9 million tons, with Kazakhstan contributing 14.3 million tons of wheat and 3.83 million tons of barley to this total. The productivity of grain crops declines annually due to fungal disease especially root and crown rots caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and Fusarium spp. The research focused on pinpointing the pathogens responsible for common root rot in various types of wheat and barley grown in Southeast Kazakhstan. The main goal was to examine the efficacy of certain chemical and bio-logical substances in safeguarding barley seeds against root rot. Moreover, the study sought to gauge their effects on seed quality by examining aspects such as germination rates, colonization of seeds by particular fungal pathogens, and the overall vitality of seeds and seedlings. Visual in-spection of plants indicated the prevalence of B. sorokiniana at an average of 51.8%, and Fusarium species at 58.6%. Three isolates were obtained from the roots of winter wheat promising line 231, and three from spring wheat roots of Kazakhstan 10 variety, four from winter wheat Steklovidnaya 24 variety, fourteen from spring barley variety Symbat, and fourteen from winter barley Aidyn 2 variety. It was established that the external spread of common root rot severity on spring wheat and spring barley varieties amounted to 50% and 53% respectively. Promising line 231 of winter wheat, variety Kazakhstan 10 of spring barley were affected by the disease by 60% units, while the winter wheat Steklovidnaya 24 was impacted at 67% units. Molecular analysis of B. sorokiniana isolates, using species-specific primers (COSA_F/COSA_R) from infected plant tissues, confirmed their identification. Koch postulates were fulfilled for B. sorokiniana isolates Kz 48, 60, 82 on Steklovidnaya 24 winter wheat and Symbat spring barley varieties. Celest Top (262.5 g/L thia-methoxam+25 g/L difenoconazole +25 g/L fludioxonil), Dividend 030 FS (30 g/L difenoconazole), RaxiL Ultra FS (120 g/L tebuconazole), and Redigo Pro (150 g/L prothioconazole +20 g/L tebu-conazole) demonstrated high effectiveness for suppressing fungal infection on wheat and barley seedlings, promoting healthy plant growth. Biological products such as Phytosporin-M (titer of at least 1 billion viable cells, spores/ml, live spores and cells of Bacillus subtilis strain 26-D) and Plant Disease Control Agent ‘Sporobacterin -Rassada (Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis spores) showed a significant reduction in the level of fungal infection, confirming their potential as en-vironmentally safe plant protection agents.