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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Beltsville, Maryland (BHNRC) » Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center » Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #414758
Research Project: Impact of Genetics, Growing Condition or Processing on Bioactive Components in Coffee and Microgreens: Influences on Health

Location: Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory

Title: Compositional analysis of coffee containing javamide-I/-II and in vivo effects on metabolic/cardiovascular/inflammatory factors in rats fed a high fat diet

Author
item Park, Jae
item Peters, Renee

Submitted to: Scientific Reports
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/24/2025
Publication Date: 8/6/2025
Citation: Park, J.B., Peters, R.C. 2025. Compositional analysis of coffee containing javamide-I/-II and in vivo effects on metabolic/ cardiovascular/inflammatory factors in rats fed a high fat diet. Frontiers in Nutrition. 15. Article 28806. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13590-3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13590-3

Interpretive Summary: Obesity is one of the most serious health problems worldwide. Several reports suggest that some diet components in food and drink may play some critical roles in increasing obesity. Coffee is one of the popular drinks consumed worldwide. Interestingly, recent studies indicate that coffee products containing javamide-I/-II are available in the market. However, there is little information about the chemical composition of coffee containing javamide-I/-II (CCJ12) and in vivo effects on bodyweight and other metabolic factors in the obese. Therefore, in this study, the chemical composition of CCJ12 was examined by LC/MS (liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry) and HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) methods. Then, in vivo effects of CCJ12 on metabolic/inflammatory/cardiovascular factors were investigated in a rodent obesity model. The data showed that CCJ12 may have no adverse effects on bodyweight, LDL (low-density lipoprotein), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), total cholesterol, adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), rather some positive effects on TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha) in rats fed a high fat diet. In fact, this study is the first report about in vivo effects of CCJ12 on bodyweights, key metabolic markers (LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides), adipokines (adiponectin and leptin) and inflammatory/cardiovascular risk factors (C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, TNF-alpha, and MCP-1) in a diet-induced obesity animal model, suggesting that coffee products containing javamide-I/-II may have no adverse effects on bodyweight and key metabolic/inflammatory/cardiovascular factors.

Technical Abstract: Coffee containing javamide I/II (CCJ12) is commonly found in the market. However, no information is available about chemical composition of CCJ12 and in vivo effects on obesity. Therefore, in this paper, the composition of CCJ12 was analyzed by HPLC and LC/MS, and effects on bodyweight, metabolic (HDL, LDL, TG, leptin, adiponectin), cardiovascular risk (sE-selectin, C-reactive protein,), and inflammatory (MCP-1, TNF-alpha) factors were investigated in a rodent model. In CCJ12, >'700 compounds were identified by LC/MS and the amounts of javamide I/II, caffeine and chlorogenic acids were quantified by HPLC. For the animal study, rats were placed into three groups (each n'='10); (CG group (a control diet with water), FG group (a high fat diet with water), and FCG group (a high fat diet with CCJ12)) and the study was conducted for 20 weeks. The data showed no significant differences in water/food intakes between all three groups. However, the FG and FCG groups showed weight gain, in comparison to the CG group (P'<'0.05). Also, the FG and FCG groups showed higher levels of LDL, TG, and leptin than the CG group (P'<'0.05). However, no significant differences were found in bodyweight, HDL, LDL, TG, leptin, and adiponectin levels between the FG and FCG groups. Also, no significant differences were noted in sE-selectin, C-reactive protein, and MCP-1 levels between the FG and FCG groups. However, TNF-alpha level was found to be down in the FCG group, in comparison to the FG group (P'<'0.05). Our study suggests that CCJ12 may have no adverse effects on bodyweight, HDL, LDL, TG, adiponectin, leptin, sE-selectin, C-reactive protein, and MCP-1, but may have a beneficial effect on TNF-alpha in rats fed a high fat diet.