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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Beltsville, Maryland (BHNRC) » Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center » Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #414758
Research Project: Impact of Genetics, Growing Condition or Processing on Bioactive Components in Coffee and Microgreens: Influences on Health

Location: Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory

Title: Compositional analysis of coffee containing javamide-I/-II and in vivo effects on metabolic/ cardiovascular/inflammatory factors in rats fed a high fat diet

Author
item Park, Jae
item Peters, Renee

Submitted to: Frontiers in Nutrition
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/24/2025
Publication Date: 8/6/2025
Citation: Park, J.B., Peters, R.C. 2025. Compositional analysis of coffee containing javamide-I/-II and in vivo effects on metabolic/ cardiovascular/inflammatory factors in rats fed a high fat diet. Frontiers in Nutrition. 15. Article 28806. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13590-3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13590-3

Interpretive Summary: Obesity is one of the most serious health problems worldwide. Several reports suggest that some diet components in food and drink may play some critical roles in increasing obesity. Coffee is one of the popular drinks consumed worldwide. Interestingly, recent studies indicate that coffee products containing javamide-I/-II are available in the market. However, there is little information about the chemical composition of coffee containing javamide-I/-II (CCJ12) and in vivo effects on bodyweight and other metabolic factors in the obese. Therefore, in this study, the chemical composition of CCJ12 was examined by LC/MS (liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry) and HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) methods. Then, in vivo effects of CCJ12 on metabolic/inflammatory/cardiovascular factors were investigated in a rodent obesity model. The data showed that CCJ12 may have no adverse effects on bodyweight, LDL (low-density lipoprotein), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), total cholesterol, adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), rather some positive effects on TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha) in rats fed a high fat diet. In fact, this study is the first report about in vivo effects of CCJ12 on bodyweights, key metabolic markers (LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides), adipokines (adiponectin and leptin) and inflammatory/cardiovascular risk factors (C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, TNF-alpha, and MCP-1) in a diet-induced obesity animal model, suggesting that coffee products containing javamide-I/-II may have no adverse effects on bodyweight and key metabolic/inflammatory/cardiovascular factors.

Technical Abstract: Obesity is one of the most serious health problems worldwide. However, there is no information about in vivo effects of coffee containing javamide-I/-II (CCJ12) on metabolic/cardiovascular/inflammatory factors in the obese. Therefore, in this study, the composition of CCJ12 was first analyzed by LC/MS (liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry) and HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography), then potential effects of CCJ12 on bodyweight, metabolic (LDL (low-density lipoprotein), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), TG (total cholesterol), leptin, and adiponectin), cardiovascular risk (C-reactive protein, sE-selectin), and inflammatory (MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha)) factors were investigated in an obese model. In CCJ12, the amounts of javamide-I, javamide-II, chlorogenic acids and caffeine were quantified by HPLC, and more than 700 compounds were detected by LC/MS. In the animal study, rats were divided into three groups (n=10): NG group (a normal diet with water), FG group (a high fat diet with water), and FCG group (a high fat diet with CCJ12), and the study was conducted for 20 weeks. The data showed that there was no significant difference in water/food intake between all three groups, but the FG and FCG groups showed weight gains, compared to the NG group (P < 0.05). Also, the FG and FCG groups showed higher levels of LDL, HDL, TG, and leptin than the NG group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in bodyweight, LDL, HDL, TG, leptin, and adiponectin levels between the FG and FCG groups. Also, there was no significant difference in the levels of C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, and MCP-1 between the FG and FCG groups, suggesting that CCJ12 may have no negative effects on these factors in the FCG group. However, TNF-alpha levels were found to be lower in the FCG group than the FG group (P < 0.05), suggesting that CCJ12 may have some positive effects on TNF-alpha in the FCG group. In summary, CCJ12 may have no negative effects on bodyweight, LDL, HDL, TG, leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, and MCP-1, and may have positive effects on TNF-alpha in rats fed a high fat diet.