In vitro Dose-Response Effects of Fumonisin B1 and Deoxynivalenol on the HD-11 Macrophage Cell Line Following Lipopolysaccharide Challenge

Authors: KAPPARI, LAHARIKA - University Of Georgia; LOCKLEAR, PASSION - University Of North Carolina; DASIREDDY, JOSEPH - University Of Georgia; APPLEGATE, TODD - University Of Georgia; Shanmugasundaram, Revathi

Submitted to: International Poultry Scientific Forum
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/15/2023
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: N/A

Technical Abstract: The high incidence of fusarium mycotoxins fumonisin B1 (FB1) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in cereal grains and silages can be a potential threat to feed safety and the poultry industry. The function of monocytes, which includes their differentiation into active macrophages, plays a pivotal role in the immune response. Employing cost-effective in vitro cell culture models proves efficient for the initial screening, assessment, and development of mitigation strategies for mycotoxins. To investigate the effect of FB1 and DON on chicken macrophage function, in vitro studies were conducted using the HD11 chicken macrophage cell line. This study focused on the effects of FB1 and DON on nitrite production and mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-1ß, TNF-., IL-10, and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) post-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. The cells were pre-incubated for varying concentrations (500, 250, 100, and 50 .g/ml) of FB1, DON, or a combination of both for 48 h and treated with LPS. Each dose was tested in triplicate across three independent experiments (n = 3). The supernatants from the HD11 cells with FB1 at 500 and 250 .g/ml in the presence of LPS significantly decreased nitrite production by approximately 7-fold and 5-fold, respectively, compared to the LPS group (P < 0.05). The supernatants from the DON up to 100 .g/ml concentration significantly decreased the nitrite concentration (P < 0.05) in the presence of LPS compared to the LPS group by 10-fold, 7-fold, and 6-fold, respectively. Decreasing the DON concentration further to 50 .g/mL had no effect on the nitrite concentration. At 48 h, HD11 cells treated with FB1 at 100 .g/ml and stimulated with LPS had a lower level of iNOS mRNA compared to the LPS group. At 48 h post-LPS treatment, HD11 cells treated with either FB1 or DON and stimulated with LPS had significantly increased TNF-. (p< 0.05) and decreased IL-1ß and IL-10 mRNA compared to the group treated with LPS (P< 0.05). At 48 h post-LPS treatment, HD11 cells were treated with a combination of FB1+DON at 50 .g/ml, further decreasing mRNA transcription compared to the group treated with LPS (P< 0.05). In conclusion, FB1 and DON affected macrophages differently, and their combined effects were mainly additive in nature.