Evaluation of preemergence and postemergence herbicide programs on weed control and weed seed suppression in mississippi peanut (arachis hypogea)

Authors: SEALE, JOHN W. - Mississippi State University; BARARPOUR, TAGHI - Mississippi State University; BOND, JASON A. - Mississippi State University; GORE, JEFFREY - Mississippi State University; GOLDEN, BOBBY R. - Mississippi State University

Submitted to: Agronomy
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/18/2020
Publication Date: 7/22/2020
Citation: Seale, J., Bararpour, T., Bond, J., Gore, J., Golden, B. 2020. Evaluation of preemergence and postemergence herbicide programs on weed control and weed seed suppression in mississippi peanut (arachis hypogea). Agronomy. 10(8):1058. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081058.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081058

Interpretive Summary: Among all weed species, the most consistent control was provided by flumioxazin PRE fb lactofen plus clethodim (after emergence) MPOST, flumioxazin PRE fb lactofen plus clethodim EPOST fb acetochlor MPOST, and flumioxazin PRE fb paraquat after emergence (EPOST) fb lactofen plus clethodim MPOST, which provided 88, 88, and 93% control 35 DA-MPOST. All treatments reduced hemp sesbania AGDW as compared to the nontreated control. However, pitted morningglory following s-metolachlor PRE fb lactofen plus clethodim MPOST had greater AGDW than the nontreated control and was different from all other treatments except s-metolachlor PRE fb paraquat EPOST. Treatments with PRE and MPOST or PRE, EPOST, and MPOST applications resulted in 82 to 93% reduction in weed seed production. Therefore, weed control programs must include a PRE and MPOST application to reduce weed seed production greater than PRE fb EPOST programs.

Technical Abstract: Weed control and reducing weed seed deposition to the soil seedbank is a challenging issues for Mississippi peanut producers. Research was established during 2017 and 2018 at the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, Mississippi, to evaluate herbicide programs for weed control and reducing weed seed production in Mississippi peanut production. Treatments were combinations of acetochlor, clethodim, flumioxazin, lactofen, paraquat, and S-metolachlor with their respective adjuvants if needed. Treatments were applied PRE, two to three weeks after emergence (EPOST), and/or four to five weeks after emergence (MPOST). All treatments included a PRE application followed by (fb) application of EPOST and/or MPOST application. Flumioxazin PRE fb lactofen plus clethodim MPOST provided greater than or equal to (=) 88% control of barnyardgrass, hemp sesbania, Palmer amaranth, pitted morningglory, and prickly sida. Additionally, this treatment reduced total weed seed production 88% compared to the nontreated control. Flumioxazin PRE fb lactofen plus clethodim EPOST fb acetochlor MPOST provided similar weed control and peanut yield as flumioxazin PRE fb lactofen plus clethodim MPOST. This treatment reduced total weed seed production 93%. Treatments containing PRE, EPOST, and MPOST herbicide applications provided the best season-long control of weeds and weed seed suppression in Mississippi peanut.