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ARS Home » Plains Area » El Reno, Oklahoma » Oklahoma and Central Plains Agricultural Research Center » Peanut and Small Grains Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #391907
Research Project: Genetic Improvement of Peanut for Production in the Southwest United States Region

Location: Peanut and Small Grains Research Unit

Title: Disease evaluations and agronomic traits of advanced peanut breeding lines in 2021

Author
item Bennett, Rebecca
item Chamberlin, Kelly

Submitted to: Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station Departmental Publication
Publication Type: Experiment Station
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/1/2023
Publication Date: 3/24/2022
Citation: Bennett, R.S., Chamberlin, K.D. 2022. Disease evaluations and agronomic traits of advanced peanut breeding lines in 2021. Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station Departmental Publication. p.1-11. Avaliable: https://agresearch.okstate.edu/research/peanut-report/disease-evaluations-and-agronomic-traits-of-advanced-peanut-breeding-lines-in-2021.html

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Sustainability of the Southwest peanut industry depends on the continuous improvement of locally adapted cultivars. Peanut cultivars developed in other production areas may also be grown successfully in the Southwest, but their susceptibility to local diseases is often unknown. Thus, disease evaluations of advanced peanut breeding lines are conducted annually to compare the agronomic traits (crop value, yield, seed grade and characteristics) and disease resistance to cultivars that are currently available or close to being released for the Southwest. In 2021, a total of 44 commercial cultivars and high-oleic breeding lines were evaluated in small field plots at the Caddo Research Station in Fort Cobb, OK. Environmental conditions in 2021 were not favorable for Sclerotinia blight due to warmer-than-average temperatures and lack of rain in September. Seventeen runner market-type entries were evaluated, and the top numerical entries for crop value, a combined measure of yield and seed grade, were Lariat ($787 per acre) and ARSOK breeding line R96-8 ($774 per acre). The 15 Spanish/Valencia entries did not differ statistically in crop value or yield, but Span-17, OLé, ARS OK-S96-5, and ARSOK S105-3E had the highest numerical crop values ($550-$561 per acre). Twelve entries were evaluated in the Virginia trial, and the top numerical crop values were obtained by ARSOK V-99 and Contender ($767 and $690, respectively). The Virginia entries had significant differences in pod sizes (no. per ounce) and distribution of pod size classes by weight. Moderate to moderately low levels of pod rot were observed in the Virginia entries. The susceptible cultivar Jupiter had 44 percent pod rot, whereas ARSOK breeding lines ARSOK lines V103-3 and V103-1 had less than 11 percent disease. These results demonstrate ongoing progress in breeding improved peanut cultivars.