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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Sunflower and Plant Biology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #391687
Research Project: Biology of Weed-Crop Interactions to Improve Weed Management Strategies in Northern Agro-ecosystems

Location: Sunflower and Plant Biology Research

Title: Weed pressure in field grown sulfonylurea-resistant Camelina sativa and Brassica napus

Author
item Anderson, James
item Bigger, Brant
item HOWATT, KIRK - North Dakota State University
item METTLER, JOSEPH - North Dakota State University
item BERTI, MARISOL - North Dakota State University

Submitted to: Weed Science Society of America Meeting Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/7/2022
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Some oilseed species in the Brassicaceae family such as camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] and canola (Brassica napus L.) can be used as rotational crops or winter cover crops to enhance delivery of ecosystem services. To evaluate weed suppression provided by sulfonylurea-resistant camelina and canola, a replicated study was conducted at the North Dakota State University (NDSU) main campus and Northwest 22 (NW22) field sites during the 2020 growing season. Field plots were set up in a complete block design including four blocks of camelina, canola, and fallow per location. Camelina or canola was seeded (18 May) in designated plots at approximately 4.92 kg ha-1 for camelina and 2.91 kg ha-1 for canola. Data was collected mid- and late-season (29 June and 22 July, respectively) for crop and weed stem count (no. m-2), biomass (dwt kg m-2), and nutrient content (N, P, K, S g m-2), as well as final season (7 August) seed yield (g m-2) for camelina and canola treated (12 June) with or without sulfonylurea. Camelina plots were treated with thifensulfuron at 6.3 g a.i. ha-1 with Prefer 90 (NIS) at 0.25% v/v, and canola plots were treated with thifensulfuron at 10.5 g a.i. ha-1 and tribenuron at 5.3 g a.i. ha-1 with NIS at 0.25% v/v. Compared with fallow, both camelina and canola reduced mid- and late-season weed pressure (stem count and biomass) at the NDSU field plot. At the NW22 site, weed stem counts were not different when comparing camelina and canola plots with fallow; however, biomass of weeds was reduced by camelina and canola. Herbicide application had an additive effect of reducing weed stem counts and biomass in camelina and canola plots at NDSU but was not a significant variable at NW22. Camelina and canola biomass, final seed yield, and nutrient content was significantly greater for both camelina and canola at NW22 compared with both crops at NDSU, with or without herbicide application. Although final mean seed yield of canola varied without or with herbicide application at NDSU, 129.9 ± 51.7 vs. 101.1 ± 25.3 g m-2 respectively, herbicide was not a significant variable for final seed yield at either location. Canola retained greater nutrient content (g m-2) compared with camelina at both locations, but herbicide was not considered a significant variable for nutrient content. These results suggest that sulfonylurea-resistant camelina and canola could be good rotational options for enhancing ecosystem benefits in agriculture settings.