Application of marker-assisted breeding technology in cotton (Gossypium spp)

Authors: KUSHANOV, FAKHRIDDIN - Uzbekistan Cotton Research Institute; TURAEV, OZOD - Uzbekistan Cotton Research Institute; KHUSENOV, NAIM - Uzbekistan Cotton Research Institute; TULANOV, AKMAL - Uzbekistan Cotton Research Institute; AMANBOYEV, ROZA - Uzbekistan National University; Saha, Sukumar; Yu, John; ABDURAKHMONOV, IBROKHIM - Uzbekistan Cotton Research Institute

Submitted to: Frontiers in Plant Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/23/2021
Publication Date: 12/16/2021
Citation: Kushanov, F.N., Turaev, O.S., Khusenov, N.N., Tulanov, A.A., Amanboyev, R.S., Saha, S., Yu, J., Abdurakhmonov, I. 2021. Application of marker-assisted breeding technology in cotton (Gossypium spp). Frontiers in Plant Science. 12:779386. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.779386.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.779386

Interpretive Summary: Improving yield traits, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and fiber quality properties is one of the urgent tasks of cotton research and production around the world. In many cases, cotton breeding refers to classical procedures, such as hybridization and selection using conventional breeding methods. Using traditional breeding methods, the introduction of new varieties with improved properties of such economically valuable traits requires at least 10 years of research and breeding work. Recently developed molecular genetics methods allow identification of genotypes based on DNA markers specific to a genotype. Through the use of molecular genetic methods, over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in deciphering and identifying the physical and functional organization of the cotton genome. Breeding opportunities for crop improvement have been greatly expedited using molecular mapping program of DNA markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL). Another technology called marker-assisted selection (MAS), appeared, to replace selection with a phenotype by selection at the DNA level. This chapter discusses the taxonomic and evolutionary studies of cotton, its economic importance in the world, QTL mapping analysis of world researchers, as well as practical examples of MAS technology for exploiting the cotton genetic diversity.

Technical Abstract: Improving yield traits, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and fiber quality properties is one of the urgent tasks of cotton research and production programs around the world. In many cases, cotton breeding refers to classical procedures, such as hybridization and selection. Using traditional breeding methods, the introduction of new varieties with improved properties of such economically valuable traits requires at least 10 years of research and breeding work. Recently developed molecular genetics methods allow identification of genotypes based on DNA variation. Through the use of molecular genetic methods, over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in deciphering and identifying the physical and functional organization of the genomes of cotton species. Breeding opportunities for crop improvement have been greatly enhanced by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping technology. Another technology called marker-assisted selection (MAS), appeared, to replace selection with a phenotype by selection at the DNA level. This chapter discusses the taxonomic and evolutionary studies of cotton, its economic importance in the world, QTL mapping analysis of world researchers, as well as practical examples of MAS technology for exploiting the cotton genetic diversity.