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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Little Rock, Arkansas » Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #364131
Title: Bioregional shifts in the microbiome of piglets fed either human milk or infant formula during the postnatal period

Author
item BRINK, LAUREN - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item MATAZEL, KATELIN - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item PICCOLO, BRIAN - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item BOWLIN, ANNE - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item CHINTAPALLI, SREE - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item SHANKAR, KARTIK - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item YERUVA, LAXMI - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/15/2019
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Early infant diet influences postnatal gut microbial development, which in turn can modulate the developing immune system. However, it is not known how disparate diets such as human milk (HM) or formula differentially change microbiota patterns along multiple sections of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We aimed to characterize diet-specific bioregional microbiome differences in weaned and post-weaned piglets. Piglets were raised on a HM or dairy cow's milk based formula (MF) based diet from postnatal day (PND) 2 to PND21 and weaned to ad -libitum solid diet until PND51. Piglets were euthanized on either PND21 or PND51 and the contents within each section of the GI tract were obtained for 16s RNA sequencing. Data were analyzed using QIIME, diversity measurements and relative abundance testing methods to examine bioregional differences due to diet. While some diet effects were seen in the small intestine, a more pronounced effect in the large intestine was observed where HM led to decreased Shannon alpha diversity, along with shifts in beta diversity. At PND21, Campylobacter was increased from the duodenum through the distal colon (DC) and Turicibacter was decreased in the HM group across the ileum, cecum, proximal colon (PC), DC and rectum. In addition, higher abundance of genera that belongs to class Bacteroidia in the large intestine (cecum, PC and rectum) was observed in HM fed piglets in comparison to MF fed piglets. At PND51, Proteabacteria were lower in the cecum and DC while Terericutes was more abundant in the PC of HM piglet. Camplyobacter and Turicibacter were no longer affected by diet at PND51. This study highlights that HM feeding differentially effects microbiota in both a short-term and a sustained manner, and this difference is most pronounced in large intestinal regions. We find changes in the microbiota profile due to diet across GI regions and hypothesize that these differences could be influencing immune system development.