Identification of smut resistance in wild Arachis species and its introgression into peanut elite lines

Authors: DE BLAS, FRANCISCO - Universidad National Del Nordeste; BRESSANO, MARINA - Universidad Nacional De Cordoba; TEICH, INGRID - Cordoba University; BALZARINI, MONICA - Universidad Nacional De Cordoba; Arias De Ares, Renee; MANIFESTO, MARIA - Instituto Nacional De Tecnologia Agropecuaria; COSTERO, BEATRIZ - Universidad Nacional De Cordoba; ODDINO, CLAUDIO - National University Of Rio Cuarto; SOAVE, SARA - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; SOAVE, JUAN - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; BUTELER, MARIO - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; Massa, Alicia; SEIJO, GUILLERMO - Instituto De Botánica Del Nordeste

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/21/2019
Publication Date: 5/2/2019
Citation: De Blas, F., Bressano, M., Teich, I., Balzarini, M., Arias De Ares, R.S., Manifesto, M., Costero, B., Oddino, C., Soave, S., Soave, J., Buteler, M., Massa, A.N., Seijo, G. 2019. Identification of smut resistance in wild Arachis species and its introgression into peanut elite lines. Crop Science. https://www.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.10.0656.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.10.0656

Interpretive Summary: After three years of field trials on randomized complete block design, we have identified accessions with greater resistance to smut than any A. hypogaea material so far tested using ANOVA and Scott and Knott clustering method. A RIL population was developed by the cross of an experimental line of A. hypogaea and an amphidiploid obtained from three different wild species followed by chromosome duplication. The amphidiploid behaved similarly to the wild species, evidencing an effective transference of the resistance from the wild diploid to materials completely compatible with peanut. We also report a broad phenotypic variability of resistance to peanut smut among the RIL population analysed. Using SSR we confirmed the presence of wild genomic fragments in the amphidiploid.

Technical Abstract: Peanut smut is an emerging disease for this crop, so far endemic to Argentina with few reports in other two Latin American countries. Resistance to this disease was detected in wild species of peanut, though these plants can not normally cross with the cultivated peanut. Artificial crosses generate what is called "amphidiploids" that then can be crossed with cultivated peanut to transfer the resistance genes. Peanut smut resistant amphidiploids were crossed with cultivated peanuts, and the resulting progeny showed ressitance to peanut smut.