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ARS Home » Plains Area » Houston, Texas » Children's Nutrition Research Center » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #356252
Title: The impact of intrauterine and extrauterine weight gain in premature infants on later body composition

Author
item PIPAON, MIGUEL - University Of Spain
item DORRONSORO, IZASKUN - University Of Spain
item ÁLVAREZ-CUERVO, LAURA - University Of Spain
item BUTTE, NANCY - Children'S Nutrition Research Center (CNRC)
item MADERO, ROSARIO - Department Of Biotechnology - Spain
item BARRIOS, VICENTE - Hospital Infantil
item COYA, JUAN - Hospital Universitario La Paz
item MARTÍNEZ-BIARGE, MIRIAM - University Of Spain
item MARTOS-MORENO, GABRIEL - Hospital Infantil
item FEWTRELL, MARY - University College London
item ARGENTE, JESUS - Hospital Infantil
item QUERO, JOSÉ - Technical University Of Spain

Submitted to: Pediatric Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/30/2017
Publication Date: 7/5/2017
Citation: Pipaon, M.S., Dorronsoro, I., Alvarez-Cuervo, L., Butte, N.F., Madero, R., Barrios, V., Coya, J., Martínez-Biarge, M., Martos-Moreno, G.A., Fewtrell, M.S., Argente, J., Quero, J. 2017. The impact of intrauterine and extrauterine weight gain in premature infants on later body composition. Pediatric Research. 82:658-664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.123.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.123

Interpretive Summary: The impact of preterm birth and very low birth weight (VLBW) (<1,500 g) on later growth and development is not well established. In this study, the impact of intrauterine and early extrauterine growth patterns on later growth, body composition and insulin resistance were investigated in 95 VLBW infants up to 3 y of age. Reduced weight gain during gestation and the first few months of life has a significant impact on later fat mass of VLBW infants. Fat mass was higher in appropriate-for-gestational age infants than in small-for-gestational age infants. Insulin Postnatal growth retardation is a frequent clinical feature in VLBW infants. Clinical interventions should encouraging weight gain during hospitalization and after discharge to improve subsequent growth and body composition in VLBW infants.

Technical Abstract: The impact of intrauterine and extrauterine growth on later insulin resistance and fat mass (FM) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is not well established. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of intrauterine and early/late extrauterine growth on later insulin resistance and body composition in VLBW infants from 6 months' corrected age (CA) to 36 months. Prospective measurements of body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) along with other fasting plasma biochemistries were made in 95 VLBW infants at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months’ CA and 36 months, postnatal age. Mixed-effect models were used to evaluate the effects of age, sex, maturation status, and delta weight SD score on percentage FM (PFM), FM index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and HOMA-IR. PFM and FMI were negatively associated with a decrease in weight–SD scores from birth to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA; P = 0.001) and from 36 weeks delta PMA to 6 months' CA (P = 0.003). PFM and FMI were higher in AGA than in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. HOMA-IR was not associated with the delta weight–SD scores in either period. Catch-down growth in terms of weight is associated with persistently lower adiposity but not insulin resistance up to 36 months of age.